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Huygens, Christiaan

(Encyclopedia) Huygens, ChristiaanHuygens, Christiaankrĭsˈtyän hoiˈgəns [key], 1629–95, Dutch mathematician and physicist; son of Constantijn Huygens. He improved telescopic lenses and discovered (…

hospice

(Encyclopedia) hospice, program of humane and supportive care for the terminally ill and their families; the term also applies to a professional facility that provides care to dying patients who can…

Howard Hughes Medical Institute

(Encyclopedia) Howard Hughes Medical Institute, (HHMI), nonprofit medical research organization founded in 1953 by Howard Hughes and largly funded from proceeds of the 1984–85 sale of Hughes Aircraft…

Apted, Michael David

(Encyclopedia) Apted, Michael David, 1941-2021, British filmmaker, b. Aylesbury, Bucks, England. Apted began his career as a documentary filmmaker, beginning with the television program,…

Robinson, Arthur Napoleon Raymond

(Encyclopedia) Robinson, Arthur Napoleon Raymond, 1926–2014, Trinidadian political leader, b. Tobago. A barrister before being elected (1961) to parliament, he was a founding member of the People's…

Rotary International

(Encyclopedia) Rotary International, organization of business and professional people, founded (1905) by Paul Percy Harris, a Chicago lawyer. Beginning with one club in Chicago, it spread to other…

palmtop

(Encyclopedia) palmtop or hand-held personal computer, lightweight, small, battery-powered, general-purpose programmable computer. It typically had a miniaturized full-function, typewriterlike…

Backus, John Warner

(Encyclopedia) Backus, John Warner, 1924–2007, American computer scientist, b. Philadelphia, grad. Columbia (M.A. 1950). Trained as a mathematician, he was hired (1950) by IBM Corp. as a computer…

Pan-Germanism

(Encyclopedia) Pan-Germanism, German nationalist doctrine aiming at the union of all German-speaking peoples under German rule. Pan-Germanists considered that not only the German groups in…

Socialist Revolutionary party

(Encyclopedia) Socialist Revolutionary party, in Russian history, an agrarian party founded by various Populist groups in 1901. Its program, adopted in 1906, called for the overthrow of the autocracy…