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LeWitt, Sol

(Encyclopedia) LeWitt, SolLeWitt, Solləwĭtˈ [key], 1928–2007, American artist, b. Hartford, Conn. LeWitt, who came into prominence in the 1960s, termed his work conceptual art, emphasizing that the…

egoism

(Encyclopedia) egoismegoismēˈgōĭzəm [key], in ethics, the doctrine that the ends and motives of human conduct are, or should be, the good of the individual agent. It is opposed to altruism, which…

Ibn Tumart

(Encyclopedia) Ibn TumartIbn Tumartĭˈbən t&oomacr;märtˈ [key], c.1080–1130, Berber Muslim religious leader, founder of the Almohads. He went to the East in his youth and returned convinced that…

Hägerstrom, Axel

(Encyclopedia) Hägerstrom, AxelHägerstrom, Axeläkˈsəl hägˈərstrôm [key], 1868–1939, Swedish philosopher. He was a student (1886–93) at Uppsala Univ. and taught there from 1893 until his retirement in…

rock garden

(Encyclopedia) rock garden, garden planned around natural rock formations or rocks artificially arranged to simulate natural (often mountainous) conditions. The concept of rock gardens is believed to…

Say, Jean Baptiste

(Encyclopedia) Say, Jean BaptisteSay, Jean BaptistezhäN bätēstˈ sā [key], 1767–1832, French economist. In A Treatise on Political Economy (1803, tr. from the 4th ed. 1821) he effectively reorganized…

Schäffle, Albert

(Encyclopedia) Schäffle, AlbertSchäffle, Albertälˈbĕrt shĕfˈlə [key], 1831–1903, German economist and sociologist. He taught economics at the universities of Tübingen and Vienna. His views were based…

Sloane, William Milligan

(Encyclopedia) Sloane, William Milligan, 1850–1926, American historian. After serving as secretary to George Bancroft and studying under Droysen in Germany, he was professor of history at Princeton (…

Bastian, Adolf

(Encyclopedia) Bastian, AdolfBastian, Adolfäˈdôlf bäsˈtyän [key], 1826–1905, German anthropologist. Often called the father of ethnography, he recorded his observations of peoples and cultures in Der…

Flory, Paul John

(Encyclopedia) Flory, Paul John, 1910–85, American chemist, b. Sterling, Ill., Ph.D. Ohio State Univ., 1934. Flory was a researcher with the DuPont Company (1934–37) and a professor at the Univ. of…