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Schäffle, Albert

(Encyclopedia) Schäffle, AlbertSchäffle, Albertälˈbĕrt shĕfˈlə [key], 1831–1903, German economist and sociologist. He taught economics at the universities of Tübingen and Vienna. His views were based…

Sloane, William Milligan

(Encyclopedia) Sloane, William Milligan, 1850–1926, American historian. After serving as secretary to George Bancroft and studying under Droysen in Germany, he was professor of history at Princeton (…

Bastian, Adolf

(Encyclopedia) Bastian, AdolfBastian, Adolfäˈdôlf bäsˈtyän [key], 1826–1905, German anthropologist. Often called the father of ethnography, he recorded his observations of peoples and cultures in Der…

rock garden

(Encyclopedia) rock garden, garden planned around natural rock formations or rocks artificially arranged to simulate natural (often mountainous) conditions. The concept of rock gardens is believed to…

wetlands

(Encyclopedia) wetlands, low-lying ecosystem where the water table is always at or near the surface. It is divided into estuarine and freshwater systems, which may be further subdivided by soil type…

soul

(Encyclopedia) soul, the vital, immaterial, life principle, generally conceived as existing within humans and sometimes within all living things, inanimate objects, and the universe as a whole.…

holistic medicine

(Encyclopedia) holistic medicine, system of health care based on a concept of the “whole” person as one whose body, mind, spirit, and emotions are in balance with the environment. Stressing personal…

absolute

(Encyclopedia) absolute, in philosophy, the opposite of relative. The term has acquired numerous widely variant connotations in different philosophical systems. It means unlimited, unconditioned, or…

Aki, Keiiti

(Encyclopedia) Aki, Keiiti, 1930–2005, American seismologist, b. Yokohama, Japan, Ph.D. Univ. of Tokyo, 1958. Associated with the Univ. of Tokyo 's Earthquake Research Institute from 1963, Aki joined…

Clausius, Rudolf Julius Emanuel

(Encyclopedia) Clausius, Rudolf Julius EmanuelClausius, Rudolf Julius Emanuelr&oomacr;ˈdôlf y&oomacr;ˈly&oobreve;s āmäˈn&oomacr;ĕl klouˈzē&oobreve;s [key], 1822–88, German…