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Carson, Johnny

(Encyclopedia) Carson, Johnny, 1925–2005, American television entertainer, b. Corning, Iowa. Carson, who grew up in Nebraska, began his career as a magician, then wrote comedy sketches for radio and…

observatory, orbiting

(Encyclopedia) observatory, orbiting, research satellite designed to study solar radiation, electromagnetic radiation from distant stars, the earth's atmosphere, or the like. Because the atmosphere…

Niel, Adolphe

(Encyclopedia) Niel, AdolpheNiel, Adolpheädôlfˈ nyĕl [key], 1802–69, marshal of France under Napoleon III. He served with the corps of engineers in the Algerian campaigns, in the French intervention…

absolute music

(Encyclopedia) absolute music, term used for music dependent on its structure alone for comprehension. It is the antithesis of program music. It is not associated with extramusical ideas or with a…

Korolev, Sergei Pavlovich

(Encyclopedia) Korolev, Sergei Pavlovich, 1907–66, Soviet rocket designer. His role as chief designer of the Soviet space program was revealed only after his death. After he successfully launched two…

Long Island University

(Encyclopedia) Long Island University, main campus at Brooklyn, N.Y.; coeducational; chartered 1926, opened 1927. It also includes C. W. Post College (est. 1954) at Brookville, Long Island, a campus…

Alkan, Charles Henri Valentin

(Encyclopedia) Alkan, Charles Henri ValentinAlkan, Charles Henri Valentinshärl äNrēˈ väläNtăNˈ ălkăNˈ [key], 1813–88, French pianist and composer; his original surname was Morhange. He was a pianist…

Fell, John

(Encyclopedia) Fell, John, 1625–86, English clergyman. He was dean of Christ Church, Oxford, and bishop of Oxford. While at Oxford, he initiated an extensive building program and promoted the…

American University in Cairo

(Encyclopedia) American University in Cairo, at Cairo, Egypt; English language; founded 1919. It has faculties of anthropology, computer science, economics and political science, engineering, English…

American University of Beirut

(Encyclopedia) American University of Beirut, at Beirut, Lebanon; English language; chartered by New York State in 1866 as Syrian Protestant College, rechartered 1920 as the American Univ. of Beirut…