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Perret, Auguste

(Encyclopedia) Perret, AugustePerret, Augusteōgüstˈ pĕrāˈ [key], 1874–1954, French architect. He left the Académie des Beaux-Arts in Paris to join the family construction firm with his brother…

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

(Encyclopedia) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), scientific panel created (1988) by two United Nations organizations, the UN Environment Program and the World Meteorological…

nail, in anatomy

(Encyclopedia) nail, in anatomy, the horny outgrowth shielding the tip of the finger and the toe in humans and most other primates. The nail consists of dead cells pushed outward by dividing cells in…

Dunlap, William

(Encyclopedia) Dunlap, WilliamDunlap, Williamdŭnˈlăp [key], 1766–1839, American dramatist and theatrical manager, b. Perth Amboy, N.J. Inspired by the success of The Contrast by Royall Tyler, he…

diatom

(Encyclopedia) diatomdiatomdīˈətŏmˌ, –tōmˌ [key], unicellular organism of the kingdom Protista, characterized by a silica shell of often intricate and beautiful sculpturing. Most diatoms exist singly…

Afzelius, Arvid August

(Encyclopedia) Afzelius, Arvid AugustAfzelius, Arvid Augustärˈvēd ouˈgəst [key], 1785–1871, Swedish historian, mythologist, and songwriter. He made a notable collection of folk material in Swedish…

semiconductor

(Encyclopedia) CE5 N-type and P-type crystals: In a pure silicon crystal each silicon atom (Si) is surrounded by four valence electrons. In the N-doped semiconductor, illustrated in the left-hand…

copyright

(Encyclopedia) copyright, right granted by statute to the author or originator of certain literary, artistic, and musical productions whereby for a limited period of time he or she controls the use…

Grove, Sir George

(Encyclopedia) Grove, Sir George, 1820–1900, English musicographer, whose Dictionary of Music and Musicians (1879–89) has become a standard reference work. Originally an engineer, he assisted in the…

papier-mâché

(Encyclopedia) papier-mâchépapier-mâchépāˈpər-məshāˈ [key], art material made of paper strips soaked in a binder of starch or flour paste; it dries into a firm, hard substance. Papier-mâché is widely…