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crayon

(Encyclopedia) crayon, any drawing material available in stick form. The term includes charcoal, conte crayon, chalk, pastel, grease crayon, litho crayon, and children's wax colors. The pigment is…

Central Michigan University

(Encyclopedia) Central Michigan University, at Mount Pleasant, Mich.; coeducational; est. 1892 as a normal school, became Central State Teachers College in 1927, achieved university status in 1959.…

episome

(Encyclopedia) episomeepisomeĕpˈĭsōm [key], unit of genetic material composed of a series of genes that sometimes has an independent existence in a host cell and at other times is integrated into a…

Matthew of Paris

(Encyclopedia) Matthew of Paris or Matthew Paris, d. 1259, English historian, a monk of St. Albans. He became the historiographer of the convent after the death (c.1236) of Roger of Wendover. The…

soil

(Encyclopedia) soil, surface layer of the earth, composed of fine rock material disintegrated by geological processes; and humus, the organic remains of decomposed vegetation. In agriculture, soil is…

terra-cotta

(Encyclopedia) terra-cottaterra-cottatĕrˈə kŏtˈə [key] [Ital.,=baked earth], form of hard-baked pottery, widely used in the decorative arts, especially as an architectural material, either in its…

steel wool

(Encyclopedia) steel wool, abrasive material composed of long steel fibers of varying degrees of fineness that are matted together. The coarser grades are used to remove paint and other finishes, the…

McClintock, Barbara

(Encyclopedia) McClintock, Barbara, 1902–92, American geneticist. She discovered that certain genetic material, “transposable elements” or “jumping genes” (now called transposons), shifted its…

radioactive waste

(Encyclopedia) radioactive waste, material containing the unusable radioactive byproducts of the scientific, military, and industrial applications of nuclear energy. Since its radioactivity presents…

straw

(Encyclopedia) straw, dried stalks of threshed grains, especially wheat, barley, oats, and rye. It has been used from antiquity for bedding, covering floors, and thatching roofs, as fodder and litter…