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Ptolemy

(Encyclopedia) Ptolemy (Claudius Ptolemaeus), fl. 2d cent. a.d., celebrated Greco-Egyptian mathematician, astronomer, and geographer. He made his observations in Alexandria and was the last great…

Arns, Paulo Everisto

(Encyclopedia) Arns, Paulo Everisto, 1921–2016, Brazilian Roman Catholic cardinal and social activist. He joined the Franciscans in 1943, was ordained in 1945, and studied at the Sorbonne (Ph.D. 1946…

Abiy Ahmed Ali

(Encyclopedia) Abiy Ahmed Ali, 1976–, Ethiopian political leader. Joining the Ethiopian army in 1993, he served in the intelligence service, the UN peacekeeping mission in Rwanda,…

inequality

(Encyclopedia) inequality, in mathematics, statement that a mathematical expression is less than or greater than some other expression; an inequality is not as specific as an equation, but it does…

Lourenço, João Manuel Gonçalves

(Encyclopedia) Lourenço, João Manuel Gonçalves, 1954–, Angolan political leader and military officer. A member of the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), he fought against the…

Office of Strategic Services

(Encyclopedia) Office of Strategic Services (OSS), U.S. agency created (1942) during World War II under the jurisdiction of the Joint Chiefs of Staff for the purpose of obtaining information about…

mufti

(Encyclopedia) muftimuftimŭfˈtē [key], in Islamic law, attorney or judicial/religious scholar who writes his opinion (fatwa) on legal subjects for private clients or to assist judges in deciding…

petrology

(Encyclopedia) petrology, branch of geology specifically concerned with the origin, composition, structure, and properties of rocks, primarily igneous and metamorphic, and secondarily sedimentary. It…

air traffic control

(Encyclopedia) air traffic control, the system by which airplanes are safely routed into and out of major airports. Air traffic control in the United States is centered in a number of regional…

Haleakala Observatories

(Encyclopedia) Haleakala ObservatoriesHaleakala Observatorieshäˌlāäˌkäläˈ [key], astronomical facilities located on the summit of Haleakala volcano, 10,023 ft (3,055 m), in Haleakala National Park,…