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Doudna, Jennifer Anne

(Encyclopedia) Doudna, Jennifer Anne, 1964–, American biochemist, b. Washington, D.C., Ph.D. Harvard Medical School, 1989. Doudna was a professor at Yale from 1994 to 2002, when she joined the…

ergonomics

(Encyclopedia) ergonomics, the engineering science concerned with the physical and psychological relationship between machines and the people who use them. The ergonomicist takes an empirical…

graphene

(Encyclopedia) graphene, virtually transparent, highly conductive carbon material in which the atoms are organized into a honeycomblike arrangement and form a thin sheet that is one atom thick. Andre…

Haldane, Frederick Duncan Michael

(Encyclopedia) Haldane, Frederick Duncan Michael, 1951–, British physicist, b. London, England, Ph.D. Cambridge, 1978. Haldane taught at the Univ. of Southern California (1981–85, 1987–90) and worked…

Nathans, Daniel

(Encyclopedia) Nathans, Daniel, 1928–99, American microbiologist, b. Wilmington, Del., M.D. Washington Univ., St. Louis, 1954. He became a professor at Johns Hopkins in 1962. Nathans worked with…

pen-based computer

(Encyclopedia) pen-based computer, computer that uses software to enable it to accept handwriting or drawing as a form of input. A stylus, which may contain special electronic circuitry, may be used…

Coanda effect

(Encyclopedia) Coanda effect or wall-attachment effect, the tendency of a moving fluid, either liquid or gas, to attach itself to a surface and flow along it. As a fluid moves across a surface a…

waveguide

(Encyclopedia) waveguide, device that controls the propagation of an electromagnetic wave so that the wave is forced to follow a path defined by the physical structure of the guide. Waveguides, which…

Ramsey, Norman Foster, Jr.

(Encyclopedia) Ramsey, Norman Foster, Jr., 1915–2011, American physicist, b. Washington, D.C., Ph.D. Columbia, 1940. A member of the faculty at Harvard from 1947 and the Higgins professor of physics…

Solomon's-seal

(Encyclopedia) Solomon's-seal, any plant of the genus Polygonatum, north-temperate perennial herbs of the family Liliaceae (lily family). The hairy Solomon's-seal (P. pubescens) and the smooth…