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direction finder

(Encyclopedia) direction finder, electronic device used to determine the position of a ship or aircraft. In a simple direction finder a radio receiver is equipped with a revolving directional antenna…

Kenny, Elizabeth

(Encyclopedia) Kenny, Elizabeth, 1886–1952, Australian nurse, b. New South Wales, grad. St. Ursula's College, Australia, 1902. She became “Sister” Kenny as a first lieutenant nurse (1914–18) in the…

Bednorz, Johannes Georg

(Encyclopedia) Bednorz, Johannes GeorgBednorz, Johannes Georgyōhänˈəs gāôrkhˈ bĕdˈnôrts [key], 1950–, German physicist. After earning his doctorate from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, he…

shape memory

(Encyclopedia) shape memory, property possessed by certain alloys that allows them to return, when heated, to their original shape after having been deformed. This effect results because, as the…

Cujas, Jacques

(Encyclopedia) Cujas or Cujacius, JacquesCujas or Cujacius, Jacqueszhäk küzhäsˈ, ky&oomacr;jāˈshəs [key], 1522–90, French jurist and scholar of Roman law. He taught at Toulouse, Bourges, and…

Mansfield, Sir Peter

(Encyclopedia) Mansfield, Sir Peter, 1933–2017, British physicist, Ph.D. Queen Mary College, London, 1962. He was a professor at the Univ. of Nottingham from 1964 to 1994. In 2003 Mansfield shared…

Josephson, Brian David

(Encyclopedia) Josephson, Brian David, 1940–, British physicist, Ph.D. Cambridge, 1964. After several postdoctoral appointments, he joined the faculty at Cambridge in 1974. Josephson was co-recipient…

Néel, Louis Eugène Félix

(Encyclopedia) Néel, Louis Eugène Félix, 1904–2000, French physicist, Ph.D. Univ. of Strasbourg, 1932. He was a professor at the Univ. of Strasbourg from 1932 to 1945, when he joined the faculty at…

binary system

(Encyclopedia) binary system, numeration system based on powers of 2, in contrast to the familiar decimal system, which is based on powers of 10. In the binary system, only the digits 0 and 1 are…

Heeger, Alan Jay

(Encyclopedia) Heeger, Alan Jay, 1936–, American physicist and chemist, b. Sioux City, Iowa, Ph.D. Univ. of California, Berkeley, 1961. Heeger has held faculty positions at the Univ. of Pennsylvania…