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fiber optics
(Encyclopedia) fiber optics, transmission of digitized messages or information by light pulses along hair-thin glass or plastic fibers. Each fiber is surrounded by a cladding having a high index of…geochemistry
(Encyclopedia) geochemistry, study of the chemical changes on the earth. More specifically, it is the study of the absolute and relative abundances of chemical elements in the minerals, soils, ores,…tensor
(Encyclopedia) tensor, in mathematics, quantity that depends linearly on several vector variables and that varies covariantly with respect to some variables and contravariantly with respect to others…charcoal
(Encyclopedia) charcoal, substance obtained by partial burning or carbonization (destructive distillation) of organic material. It is largely pure carbon. The entry of air during the carbonization…Kelsey, Frances Oldham
(Encyclopedia) Kelsey, Frances Oldham, 1914–2015, Canadian-American pharmacologist, b. Cobble Hill, British Columbia, as Frances Kathleen Oldham, grad. McGill Univ. (B.Sc. 1934, M.Sc. 1935), Univ. of…arc, in electricity
(Encyclopedia) arc, in electricity, highly luminous and intensely hot discharge of electricity between two electrodes. The arc was discovered early in the 19th cent. by the English scientist Sir…Heck, Richard Fred
(Encyclopedia) Heck, Richard Fred, 1931–2015, American chemist, b. Springfield, Mass., Ph.D. Univ. of California, Los Angeles, 1954. Heck was a researcher at the Hercules Corporation in Wilmington,…quaternion
(Encyclopedia) quaternionquaternionkwətûrˈnēən [key], in mathematics, a type of higher complex number first suggested by Sir William R. Hamilton in 1843. A complex number is a number of the form a+bi…boil
(Encyclopedia) boil or furunclefurunclefy&oobreve;rˈŭngkəl [key], tender, painful inflammatory nodule in the skin, which becomes pustular but with a hard center (see abscess). It may be caused by…Cartan, Élie Joseph
(Encyclopedia) Cartan, Élie JosephCartan, Élie Josephālēˈ zhôzĕfˈ kärtäNˈ [key], 1869–1951, French mathematician. The son of a village blacksmith, he graduated from the École normale and taught at…Trending
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