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Meissonier, Jean Louis Ernest

(Encyclopedia) Meissonier, Jean Louis ErnestMeissonier, Jean Louis ErnestzhäN lwē ĕrnĕstˈ māsônyāˈ [key], 1815–91, French genre and military painter. His study of the Dutch masters was evident in his…

Kléber, Jean Baptiste

(Encyclopedia) Kléber, Jean BaptisteKléber, Jean BaptistezhäN bätēstˈ klābĕrˈ [key], 1753–1800, French general, b. Strasbourg. A trained architect, he attended military school in Munich and served in…

Deburau, Jean Gaspard

(Encyclopedia) Deburau or Debureau, Jean GaspardDeburau or Debureau, Jean Gaspardboth: zhäN gäspärˈ dəbürōˈ [key], 1796–1846, French pantomime performer, whose original name was Jan Kaspar Dvorjak, b…

Hérault de Séchelles, Marie Jean

(Encyclopedia) Hérault de Séchelles, Marie JeanHérault de Séchelles, Marie Jeanmärēˈ zhäN ārōˈ də sāshĕlˈ [key], 1759–94, French revolutionary. A lawyer, he became a favorite of Queen Marie…

Forain, Jean Louis

(Encyclopedia) Forain, Jean LouisForain, Jean LouiszhäN lwē fôrăNˈ [key], 1852–1931, French painter, etcher, and lithographer. One of the foremost etchers of his day, Forain is best known for his…

Guettard, Jean-Étienne

(Encyclopedia) Guettard, Jean-ÉtienneGuettard, Jean-Étiennezhän-ātyĕnˈ gĕtärˈ [key], 1715–86, French geologist, botanist, and natural historian. He was curator of the natural history collection of…

Talon, Jean Baptiste

(Encyclopedia) Talon, Jean BaptisteTalon, Jean BaptistezhäN bätēstˈ tälôNˈ [key], 1625?–1694, intendant of New France, b. France. He entered French administrative service c.1653. In his short tenure…

Carpeaux, Jean-Baptiste

(Encyclopedia) Carpeaux, Jean-BaptisteCarpeaux, Jean-BaptistezhäN-bätēstˈ kärpōˈ [key], 1827–75, French sculptor and painter. He studied with François Rude and won the Prix de Rome. Carpeaux rose to…

Carrier, Jean Baptiste

(Encyclopedia) Carrier, Jean BaptisteCarrier, Jean BaptistezhäN bätēstˈ kärēāˈ [key], 1756–94, French Revolutionary. An extreme Jacobin, he demanded the establishment of a revolutionary tribunal, and…

Yersin, Alexandre Émile Jean

(Encyclopedia) Yersin, Alexandre Émile JeanYersin, Alexandre Émile JeanälĕksäNˈdrə āmēlˈ zhän yĕrsăNˈ [key], 1863–1943, French bacteriologist, of Swiss descent. He studied with Pasteur and worked on…