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Bartram, John

(Encyclopedia) Bartram, JohnBartram, Johnbärˈtrəm [key], 1699–1777, pioneer American botanist, b. near Darby, Pa. He had no formal schooling but possessed a keen mind and a great interest in plants.…

Gass, Patrick

(Encyclopedia) Gass, Patrick, 1771–1870, American explorer, member of the Lewis and Clark expedition, b. Perry co., Pa. His journal of the trip across the continent first appeared in 1807 and was…

Concord, river, United States

(Encyclopedia) Concord, river, c.15 mi (24 km) long, NE Mass., a short tributary of the Merrimack, which it joins at Lowell. On Apr. 19, 1775, colonial militia fired some of the first shots of the…

Miller, Alfred Jacob

(Encyclopedia) Miller, Alfred Jacob, 1810–74, American artist, b. Baltimore, studied under Thomas Sully and in Europe. In 1837 he joined an expedition to the American West and was probably the first…

American Automobile Association

(Encyclopedia) American Automobile Association (AAA), federation of American automobile clubs, est. 1902. AAA provides a number of benefits to its members, including emergency road service; national…

Palmer, Nathaniel Brown

(Encyclopedia) Palmer, Nathaniel Brown, 1799–1877, American sea captain and antarctic explorer, b. Stonington, Conn. While on a whaling voyage (1820–21) in the South Shetlands, he commanded the Hero…

Golovnin, Vasily Mikhailovich

(Encyclopedia) Golovnin, Vasily MikhailovichGolovnin, Vasily Mikhailovichvəsēˈlyē mēkhīˈləvĭch gələvnyēnˈ [key], 1776–1831, Russian explorer and writer. Sent in 1807 to make a geographical survey of…

Huc, Évariste Régis

(Encyclopedia) Huc, Évariste RégisHuc, Évariste Régisāvärēstˈ rāzhēsˈ ük [key], 1813–60, French Roman Catholic missionary and explorer, a Lazarist priest. In 1844 while in China on a mission, he and…

Dove, Arthur Garfield

(Encyclopedia) Dove, Arthur GarfieldDove, Arthur Garfielddŭv [key], 1880–1946, American painter, b. Canandaigua, N.Y. Early in his career he did commercial illustration in New York City. Following a…

Lander, Richard Lemon

(Encyclopedia) Lander, Richard Lemon, 1804–34, English explorer. He accompanied Clapperton to the Niger River in 1827 and brought back Clapperton's journal, which was published (1829) with an account…