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Atomic Energy Agency, International

(Encyclopedia) Atomic Energy Agency, International (IAEA), independent intergovernmental organization established in 1957 under the aegis of the United Nations to promote safe, secure, and peaceful…

Three Mile Island

(Encyclopedia) Three Mile Island, site of a nuclear power plant 10 mi (16 km) south of Harrisburg, Pa. On Mar. 28, 1979, failure of the cooling system of the No. 2 nuclear reactor led to overheating…

Brodie, Bernard

(Encyclopedia) Brodie, Bernard, 1910–78, American military strategist, b. Chicago. Brodie edited The Absolute Weapon (1946), the first book on nuclear strategy, and was a strategic theorist at the…

Rotblat, Sir Joseph

(Encyclopedia) Rotblat, Sir Joseph, 1908–2005, British physicist and anti-nuclear weapons activist, b. Warsaw, Poland; grad. Free Univ. of Poland (M.A., 1932), Univ. of Warsaw (Ph.D., 1938), Univ. of…

Powell, Cecil Frank

(Encyclopedia) Powell, Cecil Frank, 1903–69, British nuclear physicist, Ph.D. Cambridge, 1927. Powell joined the faculty at the Univ. of Bristol in 1927, was named Melville Wills Professor of Physics…

Oganessian, Yuri Tsolakovich

(Encyclopedia) Oganessian, Yuri Tsolakovich, 1933–, b. Rostov-na-Donu, Russian nuclear physicist, Ph.D. Moscow State Univ. (1963), Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna (1970). Joining…

Yucca Mountain

(Encyclopedia) Yucca Mountain, mountain in the SW Nevada desert about 100 mi (161 km) northwest of Las Vegas. It is the proposed site of a Dept. of Energy (DOE) repository for up to 77,000 metric…

barn

(Encyclopedia) barn, abbr. b, in physics, unit of nuclear cross section, i.e., the effective target presented by a nucleus for collisions leading to nuclear reactions; it is equal to 10−24 square…