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peat

(Encyclopedia) peat, soil material consisting of partially decomposed organic matter, found mainly in swamps and bogs in various parts of the northern temperate zone but also in some semitropical and…

fertilizer

(Encyclopedia) fertilizer, organic or inorganic material containing one or more of the nutrients—mainly nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and other essential elements required for plant growth.…

vault

(Encyclopedia) CE5 Vaults vault, ceiling over a room, formed in any one of a variety of curved shapes. The architects of the Renaissance and baroque periods abandoned Gothic methods and…

Raine, Kathleen Jessie

(Encyclopedia) Raine, Kathleen Jessie, 1908–2003, English poet and critic, b. Ilford (now in Redbridge, Greater London), grad. Cambridge, 1929. Raine's poems and essays assert that true poetry is an…

Richardson, John

(Encyclopedia) Richardson, John, 1796–1852, first Canadian novelist to write in English. He fought in the War of 1812 and later served with the British army in England, Spain, and Barbados. His most…

Bassett, John Spencer

(Encyclopedia) Bassett, John Spencer, 1867–1928, American historian, b. Tarboro, N.C. He was professor of history at Trinity College (now Duke Univ.) from 1893 to 1906 and then at Smith from 1906 to…

Smith, Hamilton Othanel

(Encyclopedia) Smith, Hamilton Othanel, 1931–, American biologist, b. New York City, M.D. Johns Hopkins, 1956. A professor at the Univ. of Michigan and Johns Hopkins, Smith worked with Daniel Nathans…

Baltic Shield

(Encyclopedia) Baltic Shield, the continental core of Europe, composed of Precambrian crystalline rock, the oldest of Europe. The tectonically stable region was not affected by the Caledonian,…

polypropylene

(Encyclopedia) polypropylenepolypropylenepŏlˌēprōˈpəlēn [key], plastic noted for its light weight, being less dense than water; it is a polymer of propylene. It resists moisture, oils, and solvents.…

Barker, James Nelson

(Encyclopedia) Barker, James Nelson, 1784–1858, American playwright, b. Philadelphia. In 1838, Van Buren appointed him comptroller of the Treasury, and with slight interruptions he worked in the…