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New-York Historical Society

(Encyclopedia) New-York Historical Society, New York City. Founded in 1804, the society is a repository of art, artifacts, and literature relating to American, especially New York, history. Among its…

naval stores

(Encyclopedia) naval stores, term initially applied to the cordage, mask, resin, tar, and timber used in building wooden sailing ships; it now designates the products obtained from the pine tree, e.g…

cornstarch

(Encyclopedia) cornstarch, material made by pulverizing the ground, dried residue of corn grains after preparatory soaking and the removal of the embryo and the outer covering. It is used as laundry…

alphorn

(Encyclopedia) alphorn or alpenhorn [Ger.,=Alps horn], wooden horn from 3 ft to 12 ft (91 cm–3.7 m) long, sometimes curved slightly, with conical bore and a cup-shaped mouthpiece. It produces only…

annealing

(Encyclopedia) annealingannealingənēlˈĭng [key], process in which glass, metals, and other materials are treated to render them less brittle and more workable. Annealing consists of heating the…

Castro y Bellvís, Guillén de

(Encyclopedia) Castro y Bellvís, Guillén deCastro y Bellvís, Guillén degēlyānˈ dā käsˈtrō ē bĕlvēsˈ [key], 1569–1631, Spanish dramatist, best known of the Valencian group of playwrights of the Golden…

tree surgery

(Encyclopedia) tree surgery, practice of repairing damaged trees to restore their appearance and to arrest disease. Injured or diseased parts are first removed (even small cavities in the bark may…

stencil

(Encyclopedia) stencil, cutout device of oiled or shellacked tough and resistant paper, thin metal, or other material used in applying paint, dye, or ink to reproduce its design or lettering upon a…

scale, in weights and measures

(Encyclopedia) scale, in weights and measures, instruments for determining weight, generally for other than laboratory use. For the principles of operation of all weighing devices, see balance.…

punctuation

(Encyclopedia) punctuation [Lat.,=point], the use of special signs in writing to clarify how words are used; the term also refers to the signs themselves. In every language, besides the sounds of the…