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Le Sage, Alain René

(Encyclopedia) Le Sage, Alain RenéLe Sage, Alain RenéälăNˈ rənāˈ ləsäzhˈ [key], 1668–1747, French novelist and dramatist. His masterpiece, Gil Blas de Santillane (1715–35, tr. by Tobias Smollett, The…

Emanuel, Rahm Israel

(Encyclopedia) Emanuel, Rahm Israel, 1959–, American politician, b. Chicago, grad. Sarah Lawrence College (B.A., 1981), Northwestern Univ. (M.A., 1985). A seasoned Democratic power broker and skilled…

Mutharika, Bingu wa

(Encyclopedia) Mutharika, Bingu waMutharika, Bingu wabēngˈg&oomacr; wä m&oomacr;täˈrēkä [key], 1934–2012, Malawian economist and political leader, b. Nyasaland (now Malawi) as Brightson…

Monti, Mario

(Encyclopedia) Monti, Mario, 1943–, Italian economist and political leader. After studying at Bocconi Univ., Milan, and at Yale, he taught economics at the Univ. of Turin (1970–85) and then at…

Weaver, Robert Clifton

(Encyclopedia) Weaver, Robert Clifton, 1907–97, U.S. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (1966–68), b. Washington, D.C., grad. Harvard (B.S., 1929; M.A., 1931; Ph.D., 1934). An African…

Turner, John Napier Wyndham

(Encyclopedia) Turner, John Napier Wyndham, 1929–2020, Canadian prime minister (1984). Born in England, he immigrated (1932) to Ontario with his Canadian-born mother after she was widowed. Trained as…

Whiskey Ring

(Encyclopedia) Whiskey Ring, in U.S. history, a group of distillers and public officials who defrauded the federal government of liquor taxes. Soon after the Civil War these taxes were raised very…

Penrose, Boies

(Encyclopedia) Penrose, BoiesPenrose, Boiesboiz [key], 1860–1921, American political leader, b. Philadelphia. A lawyer, he was (1884–97) a member of the Pennsylvania legislature and coauthored a…

Babiš, Andrej

(Encyclopedia) Babiš, Andrej, 1954–, Czech political leader and business executive, b. Bratislava, Czechoslovakia (now in Slovakia), grad. Univ. of Economics, Bratislava. He was a petrochemical…

Acton, Sir John Francis Edward

(Encyclopedia) Acton, Sir John Francis Edward, 1736?–1811, Neapolitan statesman of British origin, b. Besançon, France. Called upon by Queen Marie Caroline and King Ferdinand IV of Naples (later…