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Roehm, Ernst

(Encyclopedia) Roehm or Röhm, ErnstRoehm or Röhm, Ernstboth: ĕrnst röm [key], 1887–1934, German National Socialist leader. An army officer in World War I, he met (1919) Adolf Hitler, whose political…

Pope, John

(Encyclopedia) Pope, John, 1822–92, Union general in the American Civil War, b. Louisville, Ky. He fought with distinction at Monterrey and Buena Vista in the Mexican War and later served with the…

Pueyrredón, Juan Martín de

(Encyclopedia) Pueyrredón, Juan Martín dePueyrredón, Juan Martín dehwän märtēnˈ dā pwāĭrādōnˈ [key], 1776–1850, Argentine general, supreme director of the United Provinces of La Plata (1816–19). In…

Baghdadi, Abu Bakr al-

(Encyclopedia) Baghdadi, Abu Bakr al-, nom de guerre of Awwad Ibrahim Ali al-Badri al-Samarrai, 1971–2019, Iraqi jihadist leader. Following the U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003, he helped found a Sunni…

Ewell, Richard Stoddert

(Encyclopedia) Ewell, Richard Stoddert, 1817–72, Confederate general, b. Georgetown, D.C., grad. West Point, 1840. Ewell rose rapidly in the Confederate army, becoming a major general by Oct., 1861.…

Alvarado, Juan Bautista

(Encyclopedia) Alvarado, Juan BautistaAlvarado, Juan Bautistahwän boutēsˈtä älväräˈᵺō [key], 1809–82, governor of Alta California (1836–42), b. Monterey, Calif. Out of the chaotic times in the…

Germanicus Caesar

(Encyclopedia) Germanicus CaesarGermanicus Caesarjərmănˈĭkəs [key], 15 b.c.–a.d. 19, Roman general, son of Drusus Senior. He was adopted (a.d. 4) by his uncle Emperor Tiberius. Germanicus fought (a.d…

Gibson, John, American frontiersman

(Encyclopedia) Gibson, John, 1740–1822, American frontiersman, b. Lancaster, Pa. After taking part in the capture (1758) of Fort Duquesne (renamed Fort Pitt) in the French and Indian War, he became a…

Vallejo, Mariano Guadalupe

(Encyclopedia) Vallejo, Mariano Guadalupe, 1807–90, Mexican-American political and military leader, b. Monterey, Calif. He entered the Mexican military in 1824 and was appointed to the territorial…

Tyrconnel, Richard Talbot, duke and earl of

(Encyclopedia) Tyrconnel, Richard Talbot, duke and earl ofTyrconnel, Richard Talbot, duke and earl oftôlˈbət, tərkŏnˈəl [key], 1630–91, Irish Jacobite. He escaped from Ireland after Oliver Cromwell's…