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Helena, Saint

(Encyclopedia) Helena, SaintHelena, Sainthĕlˈənə [key], c.248–328?, mother of Constantine I. She became a Christian in 313. According to tradition she found (327) the relic of the True Cross in…

Hoffmann, Max

(Encyclopedia) Hoffmann, Max, 1869–1927, German general in World War I. A brilliant strategist, he contributed to the German victory over the Russians at Tannenberg and in 1916 became chief of staff…

Gallitzin

(Encyclopedia) GallitzinGallitzingəlĭtˈsĭn [key], Rus. GolytsinGallitzingəlyēˈtsĭn [key], Russian princely family. Among many alternate spellings are Galitzin, Galytzin, and Galitsin. Vasily…

Russian Government Changes, 1991–2008

by Ben Snowden Boris Yeltsin's sudden sacking of prime minister Sergei Stepashin on August 9, 1999, was part of a long series of reorganizations within the Russian government. After his…

Michael I, Byzantine emperor

(Encyclopedia) Michael I (Michael Rangabe), d. c.845, Byzantine emperor (811–13), son-in-law of Nicephorus I. He supported orthodoxy against iconoclasm and recalled Theodore of Studium from exile. He…

Dowland, John

(Encyclopedia) Dowland, JohnDowland, Johndouˈlənd [key], 1563–1626, English composer, unsurpassed in his day as a lutenist. His books of Songs or Ayres (1597–1603) established him as the foremost…

Youmans, Vincent

(Encyclopedia) Youmans, Vincent, 1898–1946, American composer, b. New York City. He first began composing while in the navy during World War I. His first musical, Two Little Girls in Blue, with…

Rosenberg, Isaac

(Encyclopedia) Rosenberg, Isaac, 1890–1918, English poet, b. Bristol. He studied painting at the Slade School (1911–14) and had an exhibition of his work at the Whitechapel Gallery. Although he wrote…

Martin I, Saint, d. 655?, pope

(Encyclopedia) Martin I, Saint, d. 655?, pope (649–55?), an Italian, b. Todi; successor of Theodore I. On his accession he summoned a great council at the Lateran, as St. Maximus had urged, to deal…