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Marie Louise

(Encyclopedia) Marie Louise, 1791–1847, empress of the French (1810–15) as consort of Napoleon I and duchess of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla (1816–47), daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Francis II (…

Coleridge: France: an Ode, Notes

Kubla KhanDejection: an OdeFrance: an Ode When Coleridge republished this poem in the Post in 1802 he prefixed to it the following Argument First Stanza. An invocation to those objects…

Caulaincourt, Armand Augustin Louis, marquis de

(Encyclopedia) Caulaincourt, Armand Augustin Louis, marquis deCaulaincourt, Armand Augustin Louis, marquis deärmäNˈ ōgüstăNˈ lwē märkēˈ də kōlăNk&oomacr;rˈ [key], b. 1772 or 1773, d. 1827, French…

Ney, Michel

(Encyclopedia) Ney, MichelNey, Michelmēshĕlˈ nā [key], 1769–1815, marshal of France. Called “the bravest of the brave” by Napoleon I, Ney, a cooper's son from Saarlouis, rapidly rose to glory in the…

David, Jacques-Louis

(Encyclopedia) David, Jacques-LouisDavid, Jacques-Louiszhäk-lwēˈ dävēdˈ [key], 1748–1825, French painter. David was the virtual art dictator of France for a generation. Extending beyond painting, his…

Montholon, Charles Tristan, marquis de

(Encyclopedia) Montholon, Charles Tristan, marquis deMontholon, Charles Tristan, marquis deshärl trēstäNˈ märkēˈ də môNtōlôNˈ [key], 1783–1853, French general in the Napoleonic Wars. He accompanied…

Napoleonic Wars

(Encyclopedia) Napoleonic Wars, 1803–15, the wars waged by or against France under Napoleon I. For a discussion of them see under Napoleon I.

Hundred Days

(Encyclopedia) Hundred Days, name given to the period after the return of the deposed French emperor, Napoleon I, from Elba. The Hundred Days are counted from Mar. 20, 1815, when Napoleon arrived in…