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Bignon, Louis Pierre Édouard
(Encyclopedia) Bignon, Louis Pierre ÉdouardBignon, Louis Pierre Édouardlwē pyĕr ādwärˈ bēnyôNˈ [key], 1771–1841, French diplomat and historian. He held diplomatic posts under Napoleon, was acting…Eugénie
(Encyclopedia) EugénieEugéniey&oomacr;jēˈnē, Fr. özhānēˈ [key], 1826–1920, empress of the French (1853–70), consort of Napoleon III. Born in Spain, she was christened Eugenia María de Montijo de…Duarte, José Napoleón
(Encyclopedia) Duarte, José NapoleónDuarte, José Napoleóndwärˈtā [key], 1925–90, president of El Salvador (1980–82, 1984–89). A Christian Democrat, he was mayor of San Salvador (1964–70). In 1972,…Müller, Johannes von
(Encyclopedia) Müller, Johannes vonMüller, Johannes vonyōhäˈnəs fən mülˈər [key], 1752–1809, Swiss historian. He spent much of his life in Germany, where he held political posts under the elector of…Continental System
(Encyclopedia) Continental System, scheme of action adopted by Napoleon I in his economic warfare with England from 1806 to 1812. Economic warfare had been carried on before 1806, but the system…Canrobert, François Certain
(Encyclopedia) Canrobert, François CertainCanrobert, François CertainfräNswäˈ sĕrtăNˈ käNrôbĕrˈ [key], 1809–95, marshal of France. After brilliant service in Africa, he returned to Paris and aided…Poniatowski, Józef Anton, Prince
(Encyclopedia) Poniatowski, Józef Anton, PrincePoniatowski, Józef Anton, Princey&oomacr;ˈzĕf änˈtôn pônyätôfˈskē [key], 1763–1813, Polish general and marshal of France; nephew of Stanislaus II.…Dąbrowski, Jan Henryk
(Encyclopedia) Dąbrowski, Jan HenrykDąbrowski, Jan Henrykyän hĕnˈrĭk dôNbrôfˈskē [key], 1755–1818, Polish general. He distinguished himself in the insurrection led by Kosciusko in 1794. After its…Lowe, Sir Hudson
(Encyclopedia) Lowe, Sir HudsonLowe, Sir Hudsonlō [key], 1769–1844, British general. He fought with credit throughout the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, mainly in the Mediterranean region…Maximilian I, 1756–1825, king and elector of Bavaria
(Encyclopedia) Maximilian I, 1756–1825, king (1806–25) and elector (1799–1806) of Bavaria as Maximilian IV Joseph. His alliance with French Emperor Napoleon I earned him the royal title and vast…