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Aristide, Jean-Bertrand

(Encyclopedia) Aristide, Jean-BertrandAristide, Jean-Bertrandzhänˈ bĕrträndˈ äˌrēstēdˈ [key], 1953–, president of Haiti (1991, 1994–96, 2001–4). A radical Catholic priest who defended liberation…

grille

(Encyclopedia) CE5 Grille grille, in architecture, a system of bars, usually of decorative metalwork, forming an openwork barrier or enclosure. In its usual materials of wrought iron or bronze,…

Dessalines, Jean Jacques

(Encyclopedia) Dessalines, Jean JacquesDessalines, Jean JacqueszhäN zhäk dĕsälēnˈ [key], c.1758–1806, emperor of Haiti (1804–6), born a slave. A shrewd general, he served under Toussaint Louverture…

Dunois, Jean, comte de

(Encyclopedia) Dunois, Jean, comte deDunois, Jean, comte dezhäN kôNt də dünwäˈ [key], c.1403–1468, French general, called the Bastard of Orléans; natural son of Louis, duc d'Orléans. He joined the…

Richelieu, Armand Jean du Plessis, duc de

(Encyclopedia) Richelieu, Armand Jean du Plessis, duc de (Cardinal Richelieu)Richelieu, Armand Jean du Plessis, duc deärmäNˈ [key]Richelieu, Armand Jean du Plessis, duc dezhäN dü [key]Richelieu,…

Bauhin, Gaspard

(Encyclopedia) Bauhin, GaspardBauhin, Gaspardgäspärˈ bōăNˈ [key], 1560–1624, Swiss botanist and doctor of medicine, of French descent. His early classification of plants by genus and species in his…

acquired characteristics

(Encyclopedia) acquired characteristics, modifications produced in an individual plant or animal as a result of mutilation, disease, use and disuse, or any distinctly environmental influence. Some…

David d'Angers

(Encyclopedia) David d'Angers or Pierre-Jean DavidDavid d'Angersdävēdˈ däNzhāˈ; pyĕr-zhäN [key], 1788–1856, French sculptor. His works are numerous and present national figures, often nude, in…