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Digby, Kenelm Henry

(Encyclopedia) Digby, Kenelm Henry, 1800–1880, English author, b. Ireland. He converted to Roman Catholicism after his graduation from Cambridge. His principal works are The Broadstone of Honour (…

Kushner, Tony

(Encyclopedia) Kushner, TonyKushner, Tonyk&oobreve;shˈnər [key], 1956–, American playwright, b. New York City. He was a little-known off-Broadway playwright with several interesting works, e.g.,…

Lawrence, T. E.

(Encyclopedia) Lawrence, T. E. (Thomas Edward Lawrence), 1888–1935, British adventurer, soldier, and scholar, known as Lawrence of Arabia. While a student at Oxford he went on a walking tour of Syria…

Doctorow, E. L.

(Encyclopedia) Doctorow, E. L. (Edgar Lawrence Doctorow)Doctorow, E. L.dŏkˈtərōˌ [key], 1931–2015, American novelist, b. New York City. The author of a dozen novels, Doctorow is known for his…

Miłosz, Czesław

(Encyclopedia) Miłosz, CzesławMiłosz, Czesławchĕsˈwäf mēˈwŏsh [key], 1911–2004, poet, essayist, and novelist, b. Szetejnie, Lithuania (then in Russia). Widely considered the greatest contemporary…

Munch, Edvard

(Encyclopedia) Munch, EdvardMunch, Edvardĕdˈvärt m&oobreve;ngk [key], 1863–1944, Norwegian painter and graphic artist. He studied in Oslo and under Bonnat in Paris, traveled in Europe, and lived…

Gershwin, George

(Encyclopedia) Gershwin, GeorgeGershwin, Georgegŭrshˈwĭn [key], 1898–1937, American composer, b. Brooklyn, N.Y., as Jacob Gershwin. Gershwin wrote some of the most original and popular musical works…

Carter, Elliott Cook, Jr.

(Encyclopedia) Carter, Elliott Cook, Jr., 1908–2012, American composer, b. New York City. Carter is considered by many to be the most important late-20th-century American composer. Mentored early in…

Giry, Arthur

(Encyclopedia) Giry, ArthurGiry, Arthurärtürˈ zhērēˈ [key], 1848–99, French historian. His Manuel de diplomatique (new ed. 1925) remains a standard work on the scientific study of documents.