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Guericke, Otto von

(Encyclopedia) Guericke, Otto vonGuericke, Otto vonôˈtō fən gāˈrĭkə [key], 1602–86, German physicist, noted for his study of pneumatics. He carried out his most important researches while burgomaster…

Harnack, Adolf von

(Encyclopedia) Harnack, Adolf vonHarnack, Adolf vonäˈdôlf fən härˈnäk [key], 1851–1930, German theologian and church historian. He was professor of church history successively in the universities of…

Hartmann, Eduard von

(Encyclopedia) Hartmann, Eduard vonHartmann, Eduard vonāˈd&oomacr;ärt fən härtˈmän [key], 1842–1906, German philosopher. His Philosophy of the Unconscious appeared in 1869 (tr., 3 vol., 1884; new…

Haller, Albrecht von

(Encyclopedia) Haller, Albrecht vonHaller, Albrecht vonälˈbrĕcht fən häˈlər [key], 1708–77, Swiss scientist and writer. He had already won distinction as botanist and poet when he was appointed (1736…

Holst, Hermann Eduard von

(Encyclopedia) Holst, Hermann Eduard vonHolst, Hermann Eduard vonfən hôlst [key], 1841–1904, American historian, b. Livonia (then part of Russia), of German parents. He was barred from Russia because…

Martens, Georg Friedrich von

(Encyclopedia) Martens, Georg Friedrich vonMartens, Georg Friedrich vongāôrkhˈ frēˈdrĭkh fôn märˈtəns [key], 1756–1821, German writer on international law, b. Hamburg. He was professor of…

Menzel, Adolph Friedrich Erdmann von

(Encyclopedia) Menzel, Adolph Friedrich Erdmann vonMenzel, Adolph Friedrich Erdmann vonäˈdôlf frēˈdrĭkh ĕrtˈmän fən mĕnˈtsəl [key], 1815–1905, German painter and illustrator. Self-taught, Menzel made…