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Seipel, Ignaz

(Encyclopedia) Seipel, IgnazSeipel, Ignazĭgˈnäts zīˈpəl [key], 1876–1932, Austrian chancellor (1922–24, 1926–29). A Roman Catholic priest, he was elected to the Austrian parliament in 1919 and became…

Pfitzner, Hans

(Encyclopedia) Pfitzner, HansPfitzner, Hanshäns pfĭtsˈnər [key], 1869–1949, German conductor and composer, b. Moscow. Pfitzner studied music at Hoch's Conservatory in Frankfurt/ Main. His music,…

Pulkovo

(Encyclopedia) PulkovoPulkovop&oomacr;lˈkəvə [key], astronomical observatory, S of St. Petersburg, NW Russia. Pulkovo was built (1834–39) under a commission headed by F. G. W. von Struve. In 1839…

Paneth, Friedrich Adolf

(Encyclopedia) Paneth, Friedrich AdolfPaneth, Friedrich Adolffrēˈdrĭkh äˈdôlf päˈnĕt [key], 1887–1958, Austrian chemist. He was educated at Vienna, Munich, and Glasgow. He held a number of teaching…

Overbeck, Johann Friedrich

(Encyclopedia) Overbeck, Johann FriedrichOverbeck, Johann Friedrichyōˈhän frēˈdrĭkh oˈvərbĕk [key], 1789–1869, German religious painter. Expelled from the Vienna Academy because of his opposition to…

Ems dispatch

(Encyclopedia) Ems dispatch, 1870, communication between King William of Prussia (later German Emperor William I) and his premier, Otto von Bismarck. In June, 1870, the throne of Spain was offered to…

Albert, German churchman

(Encyclopedia) Albert, 1490–1545, German churchman, cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. A member of the house of Brandenburg, he became (1514) archbishop of Mainz. Because Albert was underage,…

Vattel, Emerich de

(Encyclopedia) Vattel, Emerich deVattel, Emerich deāˈmərĭkh də vätĕlˈ [key], 1714–67, Swiss philosopher and jurist. He served (1746–58) as Saxon minister at Bern and later in the cabinet of Augustus…

Taylor, Alan John Percivale

(Encyclopedia) Taylor, Alan John Percivale, 1906–90, English historian, primarily interested in diplomatic and Central European history. Educated at Oxford, he became a fellow of Magdalen College in…

Wigman, Mary

(Encyclopedia) Wigman, Mary, 1886–1973, German dancer, choreographer, and teacher. After studying with Rudolf von Laban, Wigman performed in Germany and opened her own school in Dresden (1920). She…