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Ferdinand, Prussian field marshal

(Encyclopedia) Ferdinand, 1721–92, Prussian field marshal, a prince of the house of Brunswick, known as Ferdinand, duke of Brunswick. He served King Frederick II of Prussia brilliantly in the Seven…

Rulers of Spain since 1474 (table)

(Encyclopedia) Rulers of Spain since 1474(including dates of reign) Union of Castile and Aragón Isabella I (of Castile), ruled jointly with Ferdinand II (of Aragón), 1474–1504 Ferdinand II,…

Brunswick, dukes of

(Encyclopedia) Brunswick, dukes of: see Charles William Ferdinand; Ferdinand; Frederick William.

Stambulov, Stefan

(Encyclopedia) Stambulov, StefanStambulov, Stefanstĕˈfän stämb&oomacr;ˈlôf [key], 1854–95, Bulgarian politician. Protesting Ottoman rule in Bulgaria, he led the unsuccessful revolt of 1876, which…

Sancho IV, Spanish king of Castile and León

(Encyclopedia) Sancho IV (Sancho the Brave)Sancho IVsänˈchō [key], 1257?-1295, Spanish king of Castile and León (1284–95), son and successor of Alfonso X. On the death (1275) of his elder brother,…

Alfonso IX, Spanish king of León

(Encyclopedia) Alfonso IX, 1171–1230, Spanish king of León (1188–1230), son and successor of Ferdinand II. He conquered from the Moors several cities in Extremadura and was frequently at war with…

Gregorovius, Ferdinand

(Encyclopedia) Gregorovius, FerdinandGregorovius, Ferdinandgrĕgərōˈvēəs, Ger. fĕrˈdēnänt grāˌgōrōˈvē&oobreve;s [key], 1821–91, German historian. He spent many years in Rome, where he produced his…

Brunetière, Ferdinand

(Encyclopedia) Brunetière, FerdinandBrunetière, FerdinandfĕrdēnäNˈ brünətyĕrˈ [key], 1849–1906, French literary critic. An opponent of naturalism, he believed that literature should reflect a moral…

Saar, Ferdinand von

(Encyclopedia) Saar, Ferdinand vonSaar, Ferdinand vonfĕrˈdēnänt fən zär [key], 1833–1906, Austrian writer. His best works are his short stories, among them the two collections (1876, 1897) of…