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Apollonius of Tyana

(Encyclopedia) Apollonius of Tyana, fl. 1st cent. a.d., Greek philosopher, b. Tyana, Cappadocia. A philosopher of the Neo-Pythagorean school, he traveled widely and became famous for his wisdom and…

Koivisto, Mauno Henrik

(Encyclopedia) Koivisto, Mauno HenrikKoivisto, Mauno Henrikmouˈnō hĕnˈrĭk koiˈvēstō [key], 1923–2017, Finnish politician. He was director of the Helsinki Workers' Savings Bank (1959–68) and then…

Eisner, Kurt

(Encyclopedia) Eisner, KurtEisner, Kurtk&oobreve;rtˈ īsˈnər [key], 1867–1919, German socialist. He studied at the Friedrich Wilhelm Univ. in Berlin and edited several leading socialist newspapers…

Elba

(Encyclopedia) ElbaElbaĕlˈbä [key], island, 86 sq mi (223 sq km), Tuscany, central Italy, in the Tyrrhenian Sea, 6 mi (9.7 km) from the Italian mainland, part of the Tuscan Archipelago. Iron ore has…

Doumergue, Gaston

(Encyclopedia) Doumergue, GastonDoumergue, GastongästôNˈ d&oomacr;mĕrgˈ [key], 1863–1937, president of the French republic (1924–31). He entered national politics in 1893 as a Radical Socialist…

hero, in Greek religion

(Encyclopedia) hero, in Greek religion, famous person, who after his death, was worshiped as quasi-divine. The heroes might be actual great men and women, real or imaginary ancestors, or “faded” gods…

Jenkins's Ear, War of

(Encyclopedia) Jenkins's Ear, War of, 1739–41, struggle between England and Spain. It grew out of the commercial rivalry of the two powers and led to involvement in the larger War of the Austrian…

jinni

(Encyclopedia) jinnijinnijĭnēˈ [key], feminine jinniyahjinniyahjĭnēyäˈ [key], plural jinnjinnjĭn [key], in Arabic and Islamic folklore, spirit or demon endowed with supernatural power. In ancient…

Sassou-Nguesso, Denis

(Encyclopedia) Sassou-Nguesso, DenisSassou-Nguesso, Denisdĕˈnē säsˈō-əngāˈsō [key], 1943?–, Congolese army officer and president (1979–92, 1997–) of Congo (Brazzaville). He served (1977–79) as the…

scalping

(Encyclopedia) scalping, taking the scalp of an enemy. The custom, comparable to head-hunting, was formerly practiced in Europe and Asia (Herodotus describes its practice by the Scythians, for…