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CORRASION.WEATHERING.The work of corrasion is limited to the cutting of narrow gashes in the strata, and the grinding up of the fragments brought into the river channels. The widening of these cuts into the present configuration of the chasm is the work of weathering. The common notion is that “solid rock“ is but little affected by any… Read more
WEATHERING.CORRASION.Mr. G. K. Gilbert has embodied in his admirable monograph on the Henry Mountains, a chapter on Land Sculpture, which sets forth in most logical and condensed from the mechanical principles which enter into the problems of erosion. In his analysis my be found a discussion of the conditions under which the sculpturing… Read more
CHAPTER VI. THE KAIBAB.CHAPTER VIII. THE EXCAVATION O...CHAPTER VII. POINT SUBLIME.Wherever we reach the Grand Cañon in the Kaibab it burst upon the vision in a moment. Seldom is any warning given that we are near the brink. At the Toroweap it is quite otherwise. There we are notified that we are near it a day before we reach it. As… Read more
CHAPTER V. THE TOROWEAP AND UINKARET.CHAPTER VII. POINT SUBLIME.CHAPTER VI. THE KAIBAB.The Kaibab is the loftiest of the four plateaus through which the the Grand Cañon extends. It is from 1,500 to 2,000 feet higher than the Kanab Plateau on the west, and from 2,500 to 4,000 feet higher than the Marble Cañon platform on the east. Its… Read more
DE MOTTE PARK.Its length is about ten miles, its average width about two miles. It is a depressed area in the heart of the plateau and is on every side girt about by more elevated ground rising by strong slopes 300 or 400 feet above its floor. The borders and heights above are densely forest-clad, but not a tree stands within the park… Read more
CHAPTER IV. THE GREAT DENUDATION.CHAPTER VI. THE KAIBAB.CHAPTER V. THE TOROWEAP AND UINKARET.The present chapter will contain an account of a journey from the village Kanab to the Toroweap Valley, and a description of the middle portion of the Grand Cañon; also of the Uinkaret Plateau. Kanab is the usual rallying place and base of… Read more
CHAPTER III. THE TERRACES.CHAPTER V. THE TOROWEAP AND UINKARET.CHAPTER IV. THE GREAT DENUDATION.Before leaving the terraces we may with advantage pause to contemplate the great lesson in geology which they lay open to us. The subject of the lesson in Erosion . In a preliminary way we examined the type of it in the San Rafael district,… Read more
BASE LEVELS OF EROSION.In his popular narrative of Explorations of the Colorado River, Powell has employed the above term to give precision to an idea which is of much importance in physical geology. The idea in some form or other has, no doubt, occurred to many geologists, but, so far as known to me, it had not before received such… Read more
CHAPTER II. GEOGRAPHY OF THE G...CHAPTER IV. THE GREAT DENUDATION.CHAPTER III. THE TERRACES.In describing those subdivisions of the Grand Cañon district which are of greatest moment to the present discussion, I shall begin with the terraces terminating the High Plateaus.Before the observer who stands upon a southern salient of the Markí … Read more
THE TEMPLES AND TOWERS OF THE VIRGEN.THE PERMIAN.The idea of a terrace is not so typically represented in the Permian as it is in the superior formations. In many parts of the great stairway it clearly forms the lowest step; in others it forms one cliff with the Trias; in still others it is beveled off and covered with alluvium. On the… Read more
THE VERMILION CLIFFS.THE PERMIAN.THE TEMPLES AND TOWERS OF THE VIRGEN.At our feet the surface drops down by cliff and talus 1,200 feet upon a broad and rugged plain cut by narrow cañons. The slopes , the winding ledges, the bosses of projecting rock, the naked, scanty soil, display colors which are truly amazing. Chocolate, maroon,… Read more
THE TRIAS.THE TEMPLES AND TOWERS OF THE VIRGEN.THE VERMILION CLIFFS.To this great wall, terminating the Triassic terrace and stretching from the Hurricane Ledge to the Paria, Powell has given the name of the Vermilion Cliffs. Their great altitude, the remarkable length of their line of frontage,the persistence with which their proportions… Read more
THE JURASSIC.THE VERMILION CLIFFS.THE TRIAS.Kanab village is situated under the eaves of the Vermillion Cliffs, in the jaws of the cañon of Kanab Creek. It has for several years been the base of operations of the surveying parties working in the Grand Cañon district, and is well located for the purpose. After due preparation, we may… Read more
THE CRETACEOUS.THE TRIAS.THE JURASSIC.Beyond the Cretaceous, as we descend the stairway of terraces, the Jurassic comes to daylight. It forms a belt encircling the Cretaceous and outside of the latter. It is composed of two groups of strata; the upper consisting of red sandy shales with belts of impure limestone; the lower a great mass… Read more
THE EOCENE.THE JURASSIC.THE CRETACEOUS.The platform immediately below the Pink Cliffs is picturesque rather than grand. Rough rolling ridges of yellow sandstone, long sloping hillsides and rocky promontories clad with large pines and spruces, surround the valleys. These rocks are of Cretaceous age. Upon the southward slopes of the… Read more
THE CRETACEOUS.THE EOCENE.The foreground of the picture is full of strength and animation. At our feet is the brink of a precipice where the profiles descend 800 feet upon rugged sloped which shelve sway downwards and mingle with the inequalities of a broad platform deeply indented with picturesque valleys. The cliff on which we stand is… Read more
CHAPTER I. THE PLATEAU PROVINCE.CHAPTER III. THE TERRACES.CHAPTER II. GEOGRAPHY OF THE GRAND CAíON DISTRICT.The Grand Cañon District-the region draining into the Grand and Marble Cañons-is the westernmost division of the Plateau Province. Nearly four-fifths of its area are situated in Northern Arizona. The remaining fifth is situated in… Read more
CHAPTER II. GEOGRAPHY OF THE G...CHAPTER I. THE PLATEAU PROVINCE.The investigations made by this division of the Geological Survey during the last two years have been pursued with the object of increasing our knowledge of the physical and historical geology of the West and have had little relation to economic interests. The field of labor… Read more
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Daodejing (Tao Te Ching) by Laozi, trans. James Legge
The Dàodéjīng (better known in the West by its older Wade-Giles title, the Tao Te Ching) is one of the great classics of Chinese literature, and an important spiritual text for Daoists. The book was most likely written around 2400 years ago; the popular account ascribes the book to the… Read more
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