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Pickering, Timothy

(Encyclopedia) Pickering, Timothy, 1745–1829, American political leader and Revolutionary War army officer, b. Salem, Mass. He was admitted to the bar (1768) and played an active part in pre-…

George VI, king of Great Britain and Ireland

(Encyclopedia) George VI (Albert Frederick Arthur George), 1895–1952, king of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1936–52), second son of George V; successor of his elder brother, Edward VIII. He…

Frederick William, elector of Brandenburg

(Encyclopedia) Frederick William, known as the Great Elector, 1620–88, elector of Brandenburg (1640–88), son and successor of George William. At his accession the scattered lands of the Hohenzollern…

Berwick, James FitzJames, duke of

(Encyclopedia) Berwick, James FitzJames, duke ofBerwick, James FitzJames, duke ofbĕrˈĭk [key], 1670–1734, marshal of France; illegitimate son of King James II of England and Arabella Churchill,…

military government

(Encyclopedia) military government, rule of enemy territory under military occupation. It is distinguished from martial law, which is the temporary rule by domestic armed forces over disturbed areas…

poison gas

(Encyclopedia) poison gas, any of various gases sometimes used in warfare or riot control because of their poisonous or corrosive nature. These gases may be roughly grouped according to the portal of…

Marmaduke, John Sappington

(Encyclopedia) Marmaduke, John SappingtonMarmaduke, John Sappingtonmärˈməd&oomacr;kˌ [key], 1833–87, Confederate general in the American Civil War, b. Arrow Rock, Mo. He served in the expedition…

Lyon, Nathaniel

(Encyclopedia) Lyon, Nathaniel, 1818–61, Union general in the American Civil War, b. Eastford, Conn. After serving against the Seminole and in the Mexican War, he was stationed in California and…

Alger, Russell Alexander

(Encyclopedia) Alger, Russell Alexander, 1836–1907, U.S. secretary of war (1897–99), b. near Medina, Ohio. After moving to Michigan he engaged in the lumber business, in which he made a fortune.…

De Forest, John William

(Encyclopedia) De Forest, John WilliamDe Forest, John Williamdə fôrˈəst, fŏrˈ– [key], 1826–1906, American author, b. Seymour, Conn. He served in the Civil War, chiefly as a captain. His vivid…