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Abu al-Ala al-Maarri

(Encyclopedia) Abu al-Ala al-MaarriAbu al-Ala al-Maarriäˈb&oomacr; äl-äläˈ äl-mä-är-rēˈ [key], 973–1057, Arab freethinking poet. He was born and lived most of his life in Maara, S of Aleppo. He…

Muhammad Abduh

(Encyclopedia) Muhammad Abduh 1849–1905, Egyptian Muslim religious reformer. His encounter in 1872 with Jamal ad-Din al-Afghani, in the Cairo mosque-university of al-Azhar, led to his transition from…

Malindi

(Encyclopedia) MalindiMalindimälĭnˈdē [key], town, SE Kenya, on the Indian Ocean. It is a beach resort and a commercial center. Probably founded in the 10th cent. by Arab traders, Malindi became an…

Magdala, in the Bible

(Encyclopedia) MagdalaMagdalamăgˈdələ [key], in the New Testament, home of Mary Magdalene. It is identified with Migdal, Israel, a town on the west shore of the Sea of Galilee, and the neighboring…

Monreale

(Encyclopedia) MonrealeMonrealemōnrāäˈlā [key], town (1991 pop. 26,256), NW Sicily, Italy, near Palermo. An agricultural market and tourist center, it commands a magnificent view of the fertile Conca…

Iraq

(Encyclopedia) CE5 Iraq or IrakIraqboth: ēräkˈ, ĭrăkˈ [key], officially Republic of Iraq, republic (2005 est. pop. 26,075,000), 167,924 sq mi (434,924 sq km), SW Asia. Iraq is bordered on the…

Darfur

(Encyclopedia) DarfurDarfurdärˈf&oomacr;r [key], region and former sultanate, W Sudan. The region is mountainous, dominated by the central massif of Jebel Marra, which rises to 10,130 ft (3,088 m…

Lebanon, country, Asia

(Encyclopedia) CE5 LebanonLebanonlĕbˈənən, –nŏnˌ [key], officially Lebanese Republic, republic (2015 est. pop. 5,851,000), 4,015 sq mi (10,400 sq km), SW Asia. The country is bordered on the west…

Libya Department of State Background

U.S. Department of State Background Note Libya Index: People History Government and Political Conditions Economy Foreign Relations U.S.-Libyan Relations PEOPLE Libya has a small…

anti-Semitism

(Encyclopedia) anti-Semitismanti-Semitismănˌtē-sĕmˈĭtĭzˌəm, ănˌtī– [key], form of prejudice against Jews, ranging from antipathy to violent hatred. Before the 19th cent., anti-Semitism was largely…