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Hawes, Stephen

(Encyclopedia) Hawes, Stephen, c.1475–1530, English poet. His best-known works, the two allegories Example of Virtue (1504?) and Pastime of Pleasure (1505?), use typically medieval conventions, but…

letters

(Encyclopedia) letters, in literature, written messages, ranging from those addressed to the public and those sent from lover to lover, to business letters and thank-you notes. The common quality…

flerovium

(Encyclopedia) flerovium, artificially produced radioactive chemical element; symbol Fl; at. no. 114; mass number of most stable isotope 289; m.p., b.p., sp. gr., and valence unknown. Situated in…

Bamford, Samuel

(Encyclopedia) Bamford, Samuel, 1788–1872, English weaver, poet, and social reformer. Always sympathetic toward the working class, he was jailed in 1819 for his part in the Peterloo massacre. His…

Lee, Sir Sidney

(Encyclopedia) Lee, Sir Sidney, 1859–1926, English editor and author. He was editor (1891–1901) of the Dictionary of National Biography but is best known for his Life of William Shakespeare (1898,…

Neidhart von Reuental

(Encyclopedia) Neidhart von ReuentalNeidhart von Reuentalnītˈhärt fən roiˈəntäl [key], c.1180–c.1245, Bavarian court poet. With his bright, humorous lyrics of village and peasant life, he introduced…

Master of the Housebook

(Encyclopedia) Master of the Housebook (Meister des Hausbuchs), fl. 1475–1500, German graphic artist. The master is named for a series of vigorous and sophisticated drawings of everyday life found in…

Mill, John

(Encyclopedia) Mill, John, 1645–1707, English clergyman and biblical scholar. The masterpiece of scholarly critical work to which 30 years of his life were devoted is an edition (1707) of the Greek…

Charpentier, Gustave

(Encyclopedia) Charpentier, GustaveCharpentier, Gustavegüstävˈ shärpäNtyāˈ [key], 1860–1956, French composer; pupil of Massenet. His best-known works are the opera Louise (1900), portraying bohemian…

Heijermans, Herman

(Encyclopedia) Heijermans, HermanHeijermans, Hermanhĕrˈmän hīˈərmäns [key], 1864–1924, Dutch dramatist. Much of his work treated life among the Dutch Jews. His dramas include Op Hoop van Zegen (1900…