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Verrius Flaccus, Marcus

(Encyclopedia) Verrius Flaccus, MarcusVerrius Flaccus, Marcusmärˈkəs vĕrˈēəs flăkˈəs [key], fl. 20 b.c., Roman grammarian. A freedman, he was appointed by Augustus to educate his grandsons and died…

United Nations Industrial Development Organization

(Encyclopedia) United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), specialized agency of the United Nations. Headquartered in Vienna, it was organized in 1966 and made a specialized UN agency…

Panini

(Encyclopedia) PaniniPaninipäˈnēnē [key], fl. c.400 b.c., Indian grammarian. His Ashtādhyāyī [eight books] (tr. 1891) is one of the earliest works of descriptive linguistics and is also the first…

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology

(Encyclopedia) Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, at Zürich, founded 1855 as the Federal Polytechnic Institute, given its current name 1911. It is a science and technology research university…

almanac

(Encyclopedia) almanac, originally, a calendar with notations of astronomical and other data. Almanacs have been known in simple form almost since the invention of writing, for they served to record…

smart card

(Encyclopedia) smart card, small device that resembles a credit card but contains an embedded microprocessor to store and process information. Magnetic-stripe cards, which store a very small amount…

torture

(Encyclopedia) torture, the intentional infliction of severe physical or mental pain or suffering in order to intimidate, coerce, obtain information or a confession, or punish. In international law,…

Garcilaso de la Vega, Peruvian historian

(Encyclopedia) Garcilaso de la VegaGarcilaso de la Vegagärsēläˈsō dā lä vāˈgä [key], 1539–1616, Peruvian historian; son of the Spanish conquistador Sebastián Garcilaso de la Vega and an Incan…

Iwakura, Tomomi, Prince

(Encyclopedia) Iwakura, Tomomi, PrinceIwakura, Tomomi, Princetōmōˈmē ēwäˈk&oomacr;rä [key], 1825–83, Japanese statesman. A court noble, he supported the Meiji restoration and became a minister of…

Clapperton, Hugh

(Encyclopedia) Clapperton, Hugh, 1788–1827, British explorer, b. Annan, Scotland. After serving with the British navy in East India and Canada he made two journeys to W Africa. On the initial journey…