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Arias Sánchez, Oscar

(Encyclopedia) Arias Sánchez, OscarArias Sánchez, Oscarôsˈkär ärˈyäs sänˈchĕz [key], 1941–, president of Costa Rica (1986–90, 2006–). He was financial adviser to the president (1970–72), minister of…

Kuhn, Bowie Kent

(Encyclopedia) Kuhn, Bowie KentKuhn, Bowie Kentb&oomacr;ˈē, ky&oomacr;n [key], 1926–2007, American lawyer and commissioner of baseball, b. Takoma Park, Md. He was legal counsel for the…

European Atomic Energy Community

(Encyclopedia) European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom or EAEC), economic organization that came into being as the 3d treaty organization of what has become the European Union; established by the…

excommunication

(Encyclopedia) excommunication, formal expulsion from a religious body, the most grave of all ecclesiastical censures. Where religious and social communities are nearly identical it is attended by…

Dix, John Adams

(Encyclopedia) Dix, John Adams, 1798–1879, American statesman, b. Boscawen, N.H. He served in the War of 1812, was later admitted to the bar, and practiced law in Cooperstown, N.Y. He held high state…

ice dancing

(Encyclopedia) ice dancing, ice-skating competition in which couples are required to perform dance routines to music. The sport gained popularity in the 1930s and the first world championships were…

imitation

(Encyclopedia) imitation, in music, a device of counterpoint wherein a phrase or motive is employed successively in more than one voice. The imitation may be exact, the same intervals being repeated…

Irvine, William

(Encyclopedia) Irvine, WilliamIrvine, Williamûrˈvĭn [key], 1741–1804, American soldier, b. Ireland. He studied medicine in Ireland and after 1764 practiced in Carlisle, Pa. He was called to service…

Aoun, Michel Naim

(Encyclopedia) Aoun, Michel Naïm, 1935–, Lebanese military and political leader. A graduate of Lebanon's military academy (1958), he fought in several major battles during the civil war (1975–90),…

Ingraham, Hubert Alexander

(Encyclopedia) Ingraham, Hubert AlexanderIngraham, Hubert Alexanderĭngˈgrəm [key], 1947–, Bahamian political leader, prime minister of the Bahamas (1992–2002, 2007–12), b. Cooper's Town, Abaco. A…