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Adalbert
(Encyclopedia)Adalbert, 1043–72, German churchman, archbishop of Hamburg-Bremen, a diocese that included Scandinavia. He was a favorite of Holy Roman Emperor Henry III, who appointed Adalbert to the archbishopric...Paul II
(Encyclopedia)Paul II, 1417–71, pope (1464–71), a Venetian named Pietro Barbo; successor of Pius II. He was a nephew of Eugene IV. A Renaissance pope, he patronized printing, beautified and improved Rome, and c...Peter I, czar of Russia
(Encyclopedia)Peter I or Peter the Great, 1672–1725, czar of Russia (1682–1725), major figure in the development of imperial Russia. Peter's personal traits ranged from bestial cruelty and vice to the most ...Alexander III, pope
(Encyclopedia)Alexander III, d. 1181, pope (1159–81), a Sienese named Rolandus [Bandinelli?], successor of Adrian IV. He was a canonist who had studied law under Gratian and had taught at Bologna. He came to Rome...Charles IV, king of Spain
(Encyclopedia)Charles IV, 1748–1819, king of Spain (1788–1808), second son of Charles III, whom he succeeded in place of his imbecile older brother. Unlike his father, Charles IV was an ineffective ruler and in...Sully, Maximilien de Béthune, duc de
(Encyclopedia)Sully, Maximilien de Béthune, duc de sülēˈ [key], 1560–1641, French statesman. Born and reared a Protestant, he fought in the Wars of Religion under the Huguenot leader Henry of Navarre (later ...Bolingbroke, Henry of
(Encyclopedia)Bolingbroke, Henry of: see Henry IV (England). ...Louis d'Outremer
(Encyclopedia)Louis d'Outremer: see Louis IV, French king. ...Henry of Navarre
(Encyclopedia)Henry of Navarre: see Henry IV, king of France. ...Louis the Bavarian
(Encyclopedia)Louis the Bavarian: see Louis IV, Holy Roman emperor. ...Browse by Subject
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