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Phoenixville

(Encyclopedia) PhoenixvillePhoenixvillefēˈnĭksvĭl [key], borough (1990 pop. 15,066), Chester co., SE Pa., on the Schuylkill River; settled 1720, inc. 1849. Iron deposits in the region led to the…

Heym, Georg

(Encyclopedia) Heym, GeorgHeym, Georggāˈôrkh hīm [key], 1887–1912, German poet and novelist of early expressionism. Rebelling against the new romanticism, Heym created the “demon” metropolis. This…

castor bean

(Encyclopedia) castor bean, bean produced by Ricinus communis, a plant of the spurge family, widely cultivated as an ornamental. Moles die when they eat the roots. It has long been used as an ordeal…

Te Kanawa, Dame Kiri

(Encyclopedia) Te Kanawa, Dame KiriTe Kanawa, Dame Kiritā käˈnəwə [key], 1944–, New Zealand opera and concert singer. From the early 1970s until her last public performance (2016), she was one of the…

Lenau, Nikolaus

(Encyclopedia) Lenau, NikolausLenau, Nikolausnēˈkōlous lāˈnou [key], pseud. of Nikolaus Niembsch Edler von StrehlenauNikolaus Niembsch Edler von Strehlenaunēmpsh ādˈlər fən shtrāˈlənou [key], 1802–50…

Engler, Adolf

(Encyclopedia) Engler, AdolfEngler, Adolfäˈdôlf ĕngˈlər [key], 1844–1930, German botanist. He emphasized the importance of geological history in the study of plant geography, and worked out an…

Sachs, Hans

(Encyclopedia) Sachs, HansSachs, Hanshäns zäks [key], 1494–1576, German poet, leading meistersinger of the Nuremberg school. A shoemaker and guild master, he wrote more than 4,000 master songs in…

Sachs, Nelly

(Encyclopedia) Sachs, NellySachs, Nellyzäks [key], 1891–1970, German poet and translator who lived after 1940 in Sweden. Sachs describes her own experiences and the sufferings of the European Jews in…

Respighi, Ottorino

(Encyclopedia) Respighi, OttorinoRespighi, Ottorinoôttōrēˈnō rāspēˈgē [key], 1879–1936, Italian composer, studied with Rimsky-Korsakov and Max Bruch. He was director (1924–25) of the Conservatory of…

Schäffle, Albert

(Encyclopedia) Schäffle, AlbertSchäffle, Albertälˈbĕrt shĕfˈlə [key], 1831–1903, German economist and sociologist. He taught economics at the universities of Tübingen and Vienna. His views were based…