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Brown, Joseph Emerson

(Encyclopedia) Brown, Joseph Emerson, 1821–94, U.S. public official, b. Pickens District, S.C. As governor of Georgia during the Civil War, Brown quarreled with Jefferson Davis over conscription and…

Smith, Alfred Emanuel

(Encyclopedia) Smith, Alfred Emanuel, 1873–1944, American political leader, b. New York City. Reared in poor surroundings, he had no formal education beyond grade school and took various jobs—…

Schlesinger, Arthur Meier, Jr.

(Encyclopedia) Schlesinger, Arthur Meier, Jr., 1917–2007, American historian and public official, b. Columbus, Ohio, as Arthur Bancroft Schlesinger; son of Arthur Meier Schlesinger. He achieved early…

Kerry, John Forbes

(Encyclopedia) Kerry, John Forbes, 1943–, U.S. politician, b. Denver, grad. Yale, 1966, Boston College law school, 1976. A decorated navy veteran who served two tours in Vietnam after graduating from…

Lieberman, Joseph Isador

(Encyclopedia) Lieberman, Joseph IsadorLieberman, Joseph Isadorlēˈbərmən [key], 1942–, American politician, b. Stamford, Conn., grad. Yale, 1964, Yale Law School, 1967. A Democrat, Lieberman…

Luxemburg, Rosa

(Encyclopedia) Luxemburg, RosaLuxemburg, Rosarōˈzä l&oobreve;kˈsəmb&oobreve;rk [key], 1871–1919, German revolutionary, b. Russian Poland. Her revolutionary activities forced her to flee to…

Daley, Richard Joseph

(Encyclopedia) Daley, Richard Joseph, 1902–76, U.S. political leader, b. Chicago. Admitted to the bar in 1933, he entered politics and served as a Democrat in the state assembly (1936–38) and the…

Saionji, Kimmochi, Prince

(Encyclopedia) Saionji, Kimmochi, PrinceSaionji, Kimmochi, Princekēmōˈchē sīōnˈjē [key], 1850–1940, Japanese statesman. He took part in the Meiji restoration, then spent 10 years in France, absorbing…

Bayar, Celâl

(Encyclopedia) Bayar, CelâlBayar, Celâljĕlälˈ bäˈyär [key], 1884–1986, Turkish statesman. The son of a religious leader and teacher, Bayar joined the nationalist movement after the Young Turk…

Sturzo, Luigi

(Encyclopedia) Sturzo, LuigiSturzo, Luigil&oomacr;ēˈjē st&oomacr;rˈtsō [key], 1871–1959, Italian priest and political leader. He taught philosophy and sociology at a seminary in his native…