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Morricone, Ennio

(Encyclopedia) Morricone, Ennio, 1928–2020, Italian composer. Most famous for his film scores for 1960s spaghetti westerns, he also composed for comedies, historical dramas, and thrillers. Combining…

Richter, Sviatoslav

(Encyclopedia) Richter, SviatoslavRichter, Sviatoslavsvyäˈtōsläf [key]Richter, Sviatoslav rĭkhˈtər [key], 1915–97, Russian pianist, b. Ukraine. He studied at the Moscow Conservatory under Heinrich…

Kennedy, Adrienne

(Encyclopedia) Kennedy, Adrienne, 1931–, American playwright, b. Pittsburgh, Pa., as Adrienne Lita Hawkins, grad. Ohio State Univ. (B.A., 1953), studied Columbia (1954–56). Her usually one-act memory…

overture

(Encyclopedia) overture, instrumental musical composition written as an introduction to an opera, ballet, oratorio, musical, or play. The earliest Italian opera overtures were simply pieces of…

Fleming, Renée

(Encyclopedia) Fleming, Renée, 1959–, American soprano, b. Indiana, Pa. In 1986 she made her professional debut in Salzburg, Austria, in Mozart's Abduction from the Seraglio, and has since performed…

Bream, Julian Alexander

(Encyclopedia) Bream, Julian AlexanderBream, Julian Alexanderbrēm [key], 1933–2020, English guitarist and lutenist. Bream was first taught guitar by his father and studied piano and cello at the…

Boccherini, Luigi

(Encyclopedia) Boccherini, LuigiBoccherini, Luigil&oomacr;ēˈjē bôk-kĕrēˈnē [key], 1743–1805, Italian composer and cellist. Together with the violinist Filippo Manfredi he made a highly successful…

Viardot-Garcia, Pauline

(Encyclopedia) Viardot-Garcia, PaulineViardot-Garcia, Paulinepōlēnˈ vyärdōˈ-gärsēäˈ [key], 1821–1910, French mezzo-soprano; sister of Maria Malibran; pupil of her father, Manuel García. Following her…

Zimbalist, Efrem

(Encyclopedia) Zimbalist, EfremZimbalist, Efremĕˈfrəm zĭmˈbəlĭst [key], 1889–1985, Russian-American violinist. Zimbalist was a pupil of Leopold Auer at the St. Petersburg Conservatory. He made his…

Shankar, Ravi

(Encyclopedia) Shankar, Ravi (Robindra Shankar Chowdhury), 1920–2012, Indian sitarist and composer, b. Varanasi. He was the first Indian instrumentalist to attain an international reputation and is…