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Austria: Rulers

Emperors Franz I, last Holy Roman Emperor, first Emperor of Austria (1804–1835) Ferdinand I (1835–1848) Franz Joseph I (1848–1916) Karl I, last emperor of Austria (1916–1918) Presidents Franz…

Busch, Wilhelm

(Encyclopedia) Busch, Wilhelm, 1832–1908, German cartoonist, painter, and poet. After studying at the academies of Antwerp, Düsseldorf, and Munich, he joined the staff of the Fliegende Blätter, to…

Stock, Frederick

(Encyclopedia) Stock, Frederick (Friedrich Wilhelm August Stock)Stock, Frederickstŏk [key], 1872–1942, German-American conductor and composer. He came to the United States in 1895 as a violist in the…

Brugmann, Karl

(Encyclopedia) Brugmann, KarlBrugmann, Karlkärl br&oobreve;kˈmän [key], 1849–1919, German philologist. A professor at Leipzig, Brugmann believed that scientific rules of linguistics do not admit…

Willstätter, Richard

(Encyclopedia) Willstätter, RichardWillstätter, Richardrĭkhˈärt vĭlˈshtĕtər [key], 1872–1942, German chemist. He was professor at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Chemistry, Berlin (1912–16), and at…

Pabst, G. W.

(Encyclopedia) Pabst, G. W. (Georg Wilhelm Pabst)Pabst, G. W.gāˈôrkh vĭlˈhĕlm päpst [key], 1885–1967, German film director, b. Austria. He used montage in such works of social realism as The Joyless…

Olbers, Heinrich Wilhelm Matthäus

(Encyclopedia) Olbers, Heinrich Wilhelm MatthäusOlbers, Heinrich Wilhelm Matthäushīnˈrĭkh vĭlˈhĕlm mätĕˈ&oobreve;s ôlˈbərs [key], 1758–1840, German astronomer and physician. He originated (1797)…

contrabassoon

(Encyclopedia) CE5 Contrabassoon contrabassoon, large, deep-toned instrument of the oboe family, also called double bassoon. Its tube, over 16 ft (5 m) long, is doubled upon itself four times. It…

Schmidt, Wilhelm

(Encyclopedia) Schmidt, Wilhelm, 1868–1954, German linguist and anthropologist, a Roman Catholic priest. Educated at the universities of Berlin and Vienna, he entered the Society of the Divine Word…