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Baker v. Carr (1962)

Case SummaryIn the State legislature of Tennessee, representation was determined by a 1901 law setting the number of legislators for each county. Urban areas, which had grown greatly in…

Engel v. Vitale (1962)

Historical BackgroundAfter World War II, the United States experienced another period of intense concern about the spread of communism abroad and fear of subversion at home. The Federal…

Flast v. Cohen (1968)

Case SummaryA federal court ruled that Flast and the other plaintiffs did not have standing as taxpayers to challenge the use of federal funds for religious schools. “Standing“ is a legal…

George V. Higgins, Biography

George V. Higgins,Age: 59 prolific novelist who parlayed his experience as a prosecutor into a series of dialogue-heavy crime novels set in Boston. He's best known for 1972's The Friends of…

V. S. Pritchett Biography

V. S. PritchettAge: 96 versatile British writer, famous for more than six decades for works in fiction, nonfiction, biography, and literary criticism. Died: March 20, 1997.Eleanor Prescott…

Peter V. Ueberroth Biography

Peter V. Ueberrothbusinessman, baseball commissioner, Olympics chairmanBorn: 9/2/1937Birthplace: Evanston, Ill. Having proven his business acumen by running Trans International Airline (1959–…

Louis V. Ledoux: The Gift

The GiftLouis V. LedouxLet others give you wealth and love, And guard you while you live; I cannot set my gift above The gifts that others give.And yet the gift I give is good: In one man'…

Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)

Historical BackgroundThe McCulloch v. Maryland decision in 1819 fanned the flames of controversy over States' rights and national supremacy. By 1824, Chief Justice John Marshall had reached…

Goldberg v. Kelly (1970)

Case SummaryJohn Kelly and others sued when State and local officials terminated their welfare benefits without having given them prior notice and an opportunity to be heard. The plaintiffs…

Hutchinson v. Proxmire (1979)

Case SummaryProfessor Ronald Hutchinson sued Senator William Proxmire for defamation after the Senator gave a “Golden Fleece“ award to the agencies that funded the professor's research.The…