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Roses, Wars of the

(Encyclopedia) Roses, Wars of the, traditional name given to the intermittent struggle (1455–85) for the throne of England between the noble houses of York (whose badge was a white rose) and…

Salem, in the Bible

(Encyclopedia) SalemSalemsāˈləm [key] [Heb.,=peace], in the Bible, royal city of Melchizedek, traditionally identified with Jerusalem.

Salmon, in the Bible

(Encyclopedia) SalmonSalmonsălˈmŏn [key], in the Bible. 1 Father of Boaz. An alternate form is Salma. 2 Place, probably the same as Zalmon.

Somme, Battles of the

(Encyclopedia) Somme, Battles of the, two engagements fought during World War I near the Somme River, N France. The first battle (July–Nov., 1916) was an Allied offensive. The British, commanded by…

South, University of the

(Encyclopedia) South, University of the, called Sewanee, at Sewanee, Tenn.; Episcopal; coeducational; chartered 1858, opened 1868. It has a college of arts and sciences and a theological school. The…

Star-Spangled Banner, The

(Encyclopedia) Star-Spangled Banner, The, American national anthem, beginning, “O say can you see by the dawn's early light.” The words were written by Francis Scott Key, a young Washington attorney…

Steelyard, Merchants of the

(Encyclopedia) Steelyard, Merchants of the, German hanse, or merchants guild, residing at the Steelyard on the Thames near the present Ironbridge Wharf at London, England. The merchants of the…