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Massachusetts Bay

(Encyclopedia) Massachusetts Bay, inlet of the Atlantic Ocean. The bay, with its arms (Boston, Cape Cod, and Plymouth bays), extends 65 mi (105 km) from Cape Ann on the north to Cape Cod on the south…

Longford, county, Republic of Ireland

(Encyclopedia) Longford, county (1991 pop. 30,296), 403 sq mi (1,044 sq km), N central Republic of Ireland. The county seat is Longford. A part of the central plain of Ireland, it has level land with…

Melrose, town, Scotland

(Encyclopedia) Melrose, town (1991 pop. 2,221), Scottish Borders, S Scotland, on the Tweed River. It is the site of one of the finest ruins in Scotland—Melrose Abbey, owned by the nation and founded…

Tilden, Samuel Jones

(Encyclopedia) Tilden, Samuel Jones, 1814–86, American political figure, Democratic presidential candidate in 1876, b. New Lebanon, N.Y. Admitted to the bar in 1841, Tilden was an eminently…

Shannon, Sir James Jebusa

(Encyclopedia) Shannon, Sir James Jebusa, 1862–1923, English portrait and figure painter, b. Auburn, N.Y. To study art he moved (1878) to London, where he won recognition from English society and…

Clews, Henry

(Encyclopedia) Clews, Henry, c.1836–1923, American financier, b. England. He emigrated to the United States c.1850 and joined an import business as a junior clerk. In 1859 he cofounded the banking…

Leitrim

(Encyclopedia) LeitrimLeitrimlēˈtrĭm [key], county (1991 pop. 25,301), 589 sq mi (1,526 sq km), N Republic of Ireland. The county seat is Carrick-on-Shannon. Leitrim is divided into two parts by…

Clonmacnoise

(Encyclopedia) ClonmacnoiseClonmacnoiseklŏnmăknoizˈ [key], village, Co. Offaly, central Republic of Ireland, on the Shannon River. The monastery founded (548) on the site by St. Kieran became the…

Cameron, Andrew Carr

(Encyclopedia) Cameron, Andrew CarrCameron, Andrew Carrkămˈərən [key], 1834–90, American labor leader, b. Berwick-on-Tweed, England. He worked as a printer in Chicago, where he became interested in…

information theory

(Encyclopedia) information theory or communication theory, mathematical theory formulated principally by the American scientist Claude E. Shannon to explain aspects and problems of information and…