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Holland Land Company

(Encyclopedia) Holland Land Company, Dutch enterprise active in the settlement of much of W New York and some of NW Pennsylvania. Organized by Dutch bankers in 1796, it secured lands in New York (…

Wise, Thomas James

(Encyclopedia) Wise, Thomas James, 1859–1937, English bibliographer and book collector. His famous Ashley Library of rare editions and manuscripts was acquired by the British Museum in 1937. His many…

Warren, Josiah

(Encyclopedia) Warren, Josiah, 1798–1874, American reformer and anarchist, b. Boston. An early follower of Robert Owen, he soon rejected Owen's political socialism, advocating instead anarchy based…

Biddle, Francis Beverley

(Encyclopedia) Biddle, Francis Beverley, 1886–1968, U.S. Attorney General (1941–45), b. Paris, France, of American parents. Secretary to Associate Justice O. W. Holmes (1912), he became a successful…

William IV, king of Great Britain and Ireland

(Encyclopedia) William IV, 1765–1837, king of Great Britain and Ireland (1830–37), third son of George III. He went to sea in 1779, served under Admiral George Rodney in action off Cape St. Vincent (…

Clive, Robert, Baron Clive of Plassey

(Encyclopedia) Clive, Robert, Baron Clive of PlasseyClive, Robert, Baron Clive of Plasseyplăsˈē [key], 1725–74, British soldier and statesman. He went to India in 1743 as a clerk for the British East…

Toombs, Robert

(Encyclopedia) Toombs, Robert, 1810–85, American statesman, Confederate leader, b. Wilkes co., Ga. A successful lawyer in Georgia, he entered politics as a Whig, serving in the state legislature and…

Mineta, Norman Yoshio

(Encyclopedia) Mineta, Norman Yoshio, 1931–2022, American government official, the first Asian American to be appointed to a cabinet post, b. San Jose…

Hoffmann, Roald

(Encyclopedia) Hoffmann, Roald, 1937–, American chemist, b. Złoczów, Poland (now Zolochiv, Ukraine), Ph.D. Harvard, 1962. After receiving his degree and working with Robert Woodward at Harvard (1962–…

Rhett, Robert Barnwell

(Encyclopedia) Rhett, Robert Barnwell, 1800–1876, American politician, b. Beaufort, S.C. His family changed its name from Smith to Rhett (after a colonial ancestor) in 1837. A lawyer, he was a state…