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Cozens, Alexander

(Encyclopedia) Cozens, AlexanderCozens, Alexanderkŭzˈənz [key], c.1717–1786, English draftsman and writer, b. Russia. Cozens is thought to have been the first principal English master to work…

Bugeaud de la Piconnerie, Thomas Robert

(Encyclopedia) Bugeaud de la Piconnerie, Thomas RobertBugeaud de la Piconnerie, Thomas Roberttōmäˈ rōbĕrˈ büzhōˈ də lä pēkōnərēˈ [key], 1784–1849, marshal of France, duc d'Isly, general and…

Baylor University

(Encyclopedia) Baylor University, mainly at Waco, Tex.; coeducational; chartered and opened 1845 by Baptists (see Baylor, Robert E. B.) at Independence, moved 1886 and absorbed Waco Univ. (chartered…

land art

(Encyclopedia) land art or earthworks, art form developed in the late 1960s and early 70s by Robert Smithson, Robert Morris, Michael Heizer, and others, in which the artist employs the elements of…

Gunpowder Plot

(Encyclopedia) Gunpowder Plot, conspiracy to blow up the English Parliament and King James I on Nov. 5, 1605, the day set for the king to open Parliament. It was intended to be the beginning of a…

Luna, Pedro de

(Encyclopedia) Luna, Pedro deLuna, Pedro depāˈᵺrō [key]Luna, Pedro de dā l&oomacr;ˈnä [key], 1328?–1423?, Aragonese churchman, antipope (1394–1417) with the name Benedict XIII. He was a doctor of…

Browning, Elizabeth Barrett

(Encyclopedia) Browning, Elizabeth Barrett, 1806–61, English poet, b. Durham. A delicate and precocious child, she spent a great part of her early life in a state of semi-invalidism. She read…

Wagner, Robert Ferdinand

(Encyclopedia) Wagner, Robert FerdinandWagner, Robert Ferdinandwăgˈnər [key], 1877–1953, American legislator, b. Germany. He arrived with his family in the United States in 1885 and grew up in poor…