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Siegen

(Encyclopedia) Siegen, city (1994 pop. 111,845), North Rhine–Westphalia, W Germany, on the Sieg River. Iron ore is mined nearby, and the city has iron foundries. Other manufactures include leather…

Sisters of Charity

(Encyclopedia) Sisters of Charity, in the Roman Catholic Church, name of many independent communities of women. Most of them owe their origin to the institute of St. Vincent de Paul, founded (1634)…

Festus, Porcius

(Encyclopedia) Festus, PorciusFestus, Porciuspôrˈshəs [key], fl a.d. 60, Roman procurator of Judaea (a.d. 60–a.d. 62). He succeeded Antonius Felix. He was just in his administration of the province.…

Guadet, Marguerite Élie

(Encyclopedia) Guadet, Marguerite ÉlieGuadet, Marguerite Éliemärgərētˈ ālēˈ güädāˈ [key], 1758–94, French revolutionary. A leader of the Girondists, he was outlawed (1793) for his attacks on…

Butler, Pierce

(Encyclopedia) Butler, Pierce, 1866–1939, associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1923–39), b. Dakota co., Minn. Admitted (1888) to the bar, he practiced in St. Paul, specialized in railroad law…

Young, Whitney Moore, Jr.

(Encyclopedia) Young, Whitney Moore, Jr., 1921–71, African-American civil-rights leader; b. Lincoln Ridge, Ky. A social worker by profession, he joined the National Urban League in 1947 as director…

Vatican Council, Second

(Encyclopedia) Vatican Council, Second, popularly called Vatican II, 1962–65, the 21st ecumenical council (see council, ecumenical) of the Roman Catholic Church, convened by Pope John XXIII and…

Lesueur, Jean François

(Encyclopedia) Lesueur or Le Sueur, Jean FrançoisLesueur or Le Sueur, Jean FrançoiszhäN fräNswäˈ [key], 1760–1837, French composer. During the French Revolution his operas, such as La Caverne (1793)…

Ekholm, Gordon Frederick

(Encyclopedia) Ekholm, Gordon FrederickEkholm, Gordon Frederickĕkˈhōlm [key], 1909–87, American archaeologist, b. St. Paul, Minn., Ph.D. Harvard, 1941. Working with the American Museum of Natural…

Hayne, Paul Hamilton

(Encyclopedia) Hayne, Paul Hamilton, 1830–86, American poet, b. Charleston, S.C., grad. Charleston College. Considered the last of the Southern literary cavaliers, he wrote a book of nature poetry (…