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Francis II, Holy Roman emperor

(Encyclopedia) Francis II, 1768–1835, last Holy Roman emperor (1792–1806), first emperor of Austria as Francis I (1804–35), king of Bohemia and of Hungary (1792–1835). He succeeded his father,…

loom

(Encyclopedia) loom, frame or machine used for weaving; there is evidence that the loom has been in use since 4400 b.c. Modern looms are of two types, those with a shuttle (the part that carries the…

Peary, Robert Edwin

(Encyclopedia) Peary, Robert EdwinPeary, Robert Edwinpērˈē [key], 1856–1920, American arctic explorer, b. Cresson, Pa. In 1881 he entered the U.S. navy as a civil engineer and for several years…

Top 100 Most Inspiring Films

The following table lists the top 100 most inspiring films of all time, according to the American Film Institute, including Schindler's List and To Kill a Mockingbird. A jury of 1,500 film artists…

Condé, French family

(Encyclopedia) CondéCondékôNdāˈ [key], family name of a cadet branch of the French royal house of Bourbon. The name was first borne by Louis I de Bourbon, prince de Condé, 1530–69, Protestant leader…

Chirac, Jacques René

(Encyclopedia) Chirac, Jacques RenéChirac, Jacques Renézhäk rənāˈ shēräkˈ [key], 1932–2019, French political leader, president of France (1995–2007), b. Paris. He attended the National School of…

methadone

(Encyclopedia) methadonemethadonemĕthˈədōnˌ, –dŏnˌ [key], synthetic narcotic similar in effect to morphine. Synthesized in Germany, it came into clinical use after World War II. It is sometimes used…

Emilia-Romagna

(Encyclopedia) Emilia-Romagna Emilia-Romagna āmēˈlyä-rōmäˈnyä [key], region, 8,542 sq mi (22,124 sq km), N central…

fashion

(Encyclopedia) fashion, in dress, the prevailing mode affecting modifications in costume. Styles in Asia have been characterized by freedom from change, and ancient Greek and Roman dress preserved…

Turgot, Anne Robert Jacques

(Encyclopedia) Turgot, Anne Robert JacquesTurgot, Anne Robert Jacquesän rōbĕrˈ zhäk türgōˈ [key], 1727–81, French economist, comptroller general of finances (1774–76). The son of a rich merchant, he…