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Kipling, Rudyard

(Encyclopedia) Kipling, Rudyard, 1865–1936, English author, b. Bombay (now Mumbai), India. Educated in England, Kipling returned to India in 1882 and worked as an editor on a Lahore paper. His early…

Gombrowicz, Witold

(Encyclopedia) Gombrowicz, WitoldGombrowicz, Witoldvēˈtōld gŏmbrōˈvĭch [key], 1904–69, Polish writer. Gombrowicz is recognized as an original satirist, an existential innovator who mingled the real…

N. Scott Momaday

(Encyclopedia) N. Scott Momaday (Navarre Scott Momaday), 1934–2024, American writer whose works are reflective of his Kiowa culture, b. Lawton, Okla.,…

phonology

(Encyclopedia) phonology, study of the sound systems of languages. It is distinguished from phonetics, which is the study of the production, perception, and physical properties of speech sounds;…

champagne, sparkling white wine

(Encyclopedia) champagnechampagneshămpānˈ [key], sparkling white wine made from grapes grown in the old French province of Champagne. The best champagne is from that part of the Marne valley whose…

Hemingway, Ernest

(Encyclopedia) Hemingway, Ernest, 1899–1961, American novelist and short-story writer, b. Oak Park, Ill. one of the great American writers of the 20th cent. Hemingway's fiction usually focuses on…

rodeo

(Encyclopedia) rodeorodeorōˈdēō, rōdāˈō [key], public exhibition of the skill of cowboys in various activities. Events include riding broncos, riding steers, “bulldogging” steers, roping and tying…

Sullivan, Harry Stack

(Encyclopedia) Sullivan, Harry Stack, 1892–1949, American psychiatrist, b. Norwich, N.Y., M.D. Chicago College of Medicine and Surgery, 1917. He was, along with his teacher William Alanson White,…

Portman, John Calvin, Jr.

(Encyclopedia) Portman, John Calvin, Jr., 1924–2017, American architect and developer, b. Walhalla, S.C., grad. Georgia Institute of Technology (1950). In the 1960s and 70s, he radically changed the…

Langton, Stephen

(Encyclopedia) Langton, Stephen, c.1155–1228, English prelate, cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was educated at Paris. Innocent III named him cardinal in 1206, and he became archbishop of…