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Battle of Britain

(Encyclopedia) Battle of Britain, in World War II, series of air battles between Great Britain and Germany, fought over Britain from Aug. to Oct., 1940. As a prelude to a planned invasion of England…

speech, freedom of

(Encyclopedia) speech, freedom of, liberty to speak and otherwise express oneself and one's opinions. Like freedom of the press (see press, freedom of the), which pertains to the publication of…

sphere of influence

(Encyclopedia) sphere of influence, term formerly applied to an area over which an outside power claims hegemony with the intention of subsequently gaining more definite control, as in colonization,…

Sidra, Gulf of

(Encyclopedia) Sidra, Gulf ofSidra, Gulf ofsĭdˈrə [key], Arab. Khalij Surt, arm of the Mediterranean Sea, lying between Misratah and Benghazi, Libya. Tuna fishing is an important economic activity.

Simonides of Ceos

(Encyclopedia) Simonides of CeosSimonides of Ceossīmŏnˈĭdēz, sēˈŏs [key], c.556–468? b.c., Greek lyric poet, b. Ceos. At Athens for a time under the patronage of Hipparchus, he seems then to have…

Simon of Cyrene

(Encyclopedia) Simon of CyreneSimon of Cyrenesīrēˈnē [key], in the New Testament, bystander made to carry Jesus' cross. He was probably an African Jew, and is identified as the father of Alexander…

Shiloh, battle of

(Encyclopedia) Shiloh, battle of, Apr. 6–7, 1862, one of the great battles of the American Civil War. The battle took its name from Shiloh Church, a meetinghouse c.3 mi (5 km) SSW of Pittsburg…