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Manuel II, 1889–1932, king of Portugal

(Encyclopedia) Manuel II, 1889–1932, king of Portugal (1908–10), second son of Charles I. He succeeded to the throne after the assassination of his father and elder brother, but in Oct., 1910, a…

Charles II, king of England, Scotland, and Ireland

(Encyclopedia) Charles II, 1630–85, king of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1660–85), eldest surviving son of Charles I and Henrietta Maria. Charles was a ruler of considerable political skill. His…

Conrad IV, ruler of the Holy Roman Empire

(Encyclopedia) Conrad IV, 1228–54, German king (1237–54), king of Sicily and of Jerusalem (1250–54), son of Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II. He was elected (1237) king of the Romans at his father's…

Rollo

(Encyclopedia) RolloRollorŏlˈō [key] or HrolfRollorŏlf [key], c.860–c.932, first duke of Normandy. As leader of the Norman pirates settled at the mouth of the Seine, he attacked (910) Paris and…

Peterborough, Charles Mordaunt, 3d earl of

(Encyclopedia) Peterborough, Charles Mordaunt, 3d earl of, 1658–1735, English general and diplomat. He supported the Glorious Revolution of 1688, and William III made him a privy councillor, first…

Tweeddale, John Hay, 2d earl and 1st marquess of

(Encyclopedia) Tweeddale, John Hay, 2d earl and 1st marquess of, 1626–97, Scottish statesman. In the English civil war he left the party of Charles I and fought for Parliament at Marston Moor (1644…

dauphin, French title

(Encyclopedia) dauphindauphindôˈfĭn, Fr. dōfăNˈ [key] [Fr.,=dolphin], French title, borne first by the counts of Vienne (also called Viennois) and later by the eldest son of the king of France, or,…

Charles the Great

(Encyclopedia) Charles the Great, Frankish king, emperor of the West: see Charlemagne.

émigré

(Encyclopedia) émigréémigréāmēgrāˈ [key], in French history, a refugee, usually royalist, who fled the French Revolution and took up residence in a foreign land. The émigrés comprised all classes,…