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Proust, Joseph Louis

(Encyclopedia) Proust, Joseph LouisProust, Joseph Louiszhôzĕfˈ lwē pr&oomacr;st [key], 1754–1826, French chemist. He was professor of chemistry at the artillery school in Segovia, Spain, and…

Erlanger, Joseph

(Encyclopedia) Erlanger, JosephErlanger, Josephûrˈlăng-ər [key], 1874–1965, American scientist, b. San Francisco, grad. Univ. of California (B.S., 1895), M.D. Johns Hopkins, 1899. For his…

Gobineau, Joseph Arthur, comte de

(Encyclopedia) Gobineau, Joseph Arthur, comte deGobineau, Joseph Arthur, comte dezhôzĕfˈ ärtürˈ kôNt də gōbēnōˈ [key], 1816–82, French diplomat and man of letters. The chief early French proponent of…

Vien, Joseph-Marie

(Encyclopedia) Vien, Joseph-MarieVien, Joseph-Mariezhôzëfˈ-märēˈ vyăNˈ [key], 1716–1809, French neoclassical painter. A protégé of the comte de Caylus, he won the Prix de Rome and studied in Italy.…

Bramah, Joseph

(Encyclopedia) Bramah, JosephBramah, Josephbrămˈə, bräˈ– [key], 1748–1814, English inventor. In 1784 he took out his first patent on a safety lock, and in 1795 he patented his hydraulic press, known…

Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Lefrançais de

(Encyclopedia) Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Lefrançais deLalande, Joseph Jérôme Lefrançais dezhôzĕfˈ zhārōmˈ ləfräNsāˈ də [key]Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Lefrançais de läläNdˈ [key], 1732–1807, French…

Des Barres, Joseph Frederick Wallet

(Encyclopedia) Des Barres or Desbarres, Joseph Frederick WalletDes Barres or Desbarres, Joseph Frederick Walletdābärˈ [key], 1721?–1824, British army officer, surveyor, and artist. He was born of…

Caro, Joseph ben Ephraim

(Encyclopedia) Caro or Karo, Joseph ben EphraimCaro or Karo, Joseph ben Ephraimkäˈrō [key], 1488–1575, eminent Jewish codifier of law, b. Toledo, Spain. He left Spain as a child when the Jews were…

The 100 Best Characters in Fiction Since 1900

Book Magazine, now defunct, compiled a panel of 55 authors, literary agents, editors, and actors in 2002 to “rank the top one hundred characters in literature since 1900.”Jay Gatsby, The…

Rivlin, Alice M.

(Encyclopedia) Rivlin, Alice M., 1931–2019, American economist, b. Philadelphia as Georgianna Alice Mitchell, Ph.D. Harvard, 1958. Rivlin was affiliated with the Brookings Institution at various…