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King: Royal Titles & Noble Ranks

Top of Page Royal titles and ranks of nobility have been used since the earliest days of civilization to denote those individuals who held an esteemed position in society. In most societies…

rammed earth

(Encyclopedia) rammed earth, material consisting chiefly of soil of sufficiently stiff consistency that has been placed in forms and pounded down. It has been used for buildings and walls since…

Rivers, Richard Woodville, 1st Earl

(Encyclopedia) Rivers, Richard Woodville, 1st Earl, d. 1469, English nobleman. He was knighted (1426) by Henry VI and acquired wealth and power by marrying (c.1436) Jacquetta of Luxemburg, widow of…

Howard, Michael

(Encyclopedia) Howard, Michael, 1941–, British politician, leader of the Conservative party (2003–5), b. Llanelli, Wales, as Michael Hecht. The son of immigrants (his father changed the family name…

Jenkins of Hillhead, Roy Harris Jenkins, Baron

(Encyclopedia) Jenkins of Hillhead, Roy Harris Jenkins, Baron, 1920–2003, British politician, b. Abersychan, Wales; grad. Oxford. He entered the House of Commons in 1948 as a Labour member and soon…

Clarendon Code

(Encyclopedia) Clarendon Code, 1661–65, group of English statutes passed after the Restoration of Charles II to strengthen the position of the Church of England. The Corporation Act (1661) required…

Edward VII

(Encyclopedia) Edward VII (Albert Edward), 1841–1910, king of Great Britain and Ireland (1901–10). The eldest son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert, he was created prince of Wales almost…