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Monroe Doctrine

(Encyclopedia) Monroe Doctrine, principle of American foreign policy enunciated in President James Monroe's message to Congress, Dec. 2, 1823. It initially called for an end to European intervention…

Ensor, James Ensor, Baron

(Encyclopedia) Ensor, James Ensor, BaronEnsor, James Ensor, Baronjĕms äNsôrˈ [key], 1860–1949, Belgian painter and etcher. Ensor's imagery reflected one of the most bizarre and powerful visions of…

Stuart, John, duke of Albany

(Encyclopedia) Stuart or Stewart, John, duke of AlbanyStuart or Stewart, John, duke of Albanyôlˈbənē [key], 1481–1536, regent of Scotland; son of Alexander Stuart, duke of Albany, and grandson of…

Morse, Samuel Finley Breese

(Encyclopedia) Morse, Samuel Finley Breese, 1791–1872, American inventor and artist, b. Charlestown, Mass., grad. Yale, 1810. He studied painting in England under Washington Allston and achieved some…

Peirce, Charles Sanders

(Encyclopedia) Peirce, Charles SandersPeirce, Charles Sanderspûrs [key], 1839–1914, American philosopher and polymath, b. Cambridge, Mass., grad. Harvard, 1859; son of Benjamin Peirce. Except for…

Gerard, James Watson

(Encyclopedia) Gerard, James WatsonGerard, James Watsonjərärdˈ [key], 1867–1951, U.S. ambassador to Germany (1913–17), b. Geneseo, N.Y. As ambassador, he handled many delicate negotiations, including…

James, Etta

(Encyclopedia) James, Etta, 1938–2012, American singer, b. Los Angeles as Jamesetta Hawkins. She began singing in church and had her first hit record, “Roll with Me, Henry” (or “The Wallflower”), at…

Logan, James, chief of the Mingo

(Encyclopedia) Logan, James, c.1725–1780, chief of the Mingo, b. Pennsylvania. He took his name from James Logan (1674–1751) and is frequently called simply Logan. He was a leader of the Native…

Cleophas

(Encyclopedia) CleophasCleophasklēˈōfəs [key], in the New Testament, husband of one of the Marys who stood at the foot of the Cross. This is apparently Mary the mother of St. James the Less, but the…

Duane, James Chatham

(Encyclopedia) Duane, James Chatham, 1824–97, American army engineer, b. Schenectady, N.Y., grad. Union College, 1844, and West Point, 1848; grandson of James Duane. In the Civil War he organized the…